---
title: Judges 8:12 (JPS 1917) — And Zebah and Zalmunna fled; and he pursued after them; and he took… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Zebah and Zalmunna fled; and he pursued after them; and he took the two kings of Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host. Who acts: Zebah, Zalmunna. Judges 8:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 8:12 · JPS 1917

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And Zebah and Zalmunna fled; and he pursued after them; and he took the two kings of Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host.

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**Who acts:** Zebah, Zalmunna · **What happens:** flee, pursue, take, discomfit · **To what, where:** two kings, host

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Judges 8:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zebah, Zalmunna), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:236
# text = And Zebah and Zalmunna fled; and he pursued after them; and he took the two kings of Midian, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	Zebah	Zebah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Zalmunna	Zalmunna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	pursued	pursue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Midian	Midian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	Zebah	Zebah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	Zalmunna	Zalmunna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	discomfited	discomfit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
28	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	30	det:predet	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | past | Zebah and Zalmunna |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pursue** | past | Zalmunna |  |  |  | after Zebah |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent after they=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | past | Zalmunna |  | the two kings of Midian |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument king=Destination |
| 4 | **discomfit** | past | Zalmunna *not said here* | all host |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus host=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּנ֗וּסוּ זֶ֚בַח וְצַלְמֻנָּ֔ע וַיִּרְדֹּ֖ף אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּלְכֹּ֞ד אֶת־שְׁנֵ֣י ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י מִדְיָ֗ן אֶת־זֶ֙בַח֙ וְאֶת־צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע וְכָל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה הֶחֱרִֽיד׃

[Judges 8:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:236` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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