---
title: Judges 8:21 (JPS 1917) — Then Zebah and Zalmunna said: 'Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Zebah and Zalmunna said: 'Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as the man is, so is his strength.' And Gideon arose, and slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took the crescents that were on their camels' necks. Who acts: Zebah, thou, Gideon, crescents. Judges 8:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and t
---

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# Judges 8:21 · JPS 1917

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Then Zebah and Zalmunna said: 'Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as the man is, so is his strength.' And Gideon arose, and slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took the crescents that were on their camels' necks.

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**Who acts:** Zebah, thou, Gideon, crescents · **What happens:** say, rise, fall, be, arise, slay · **To what, where:** man, strength, Zebah, crescents, necks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 8:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zebah, thou, Gideon, crescents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:245
# text = Then Zebah and Zalmunna said: 'Rise thou, and fall upon us; for as the man is, so is his strength.' And Gideon arose, and slew Zebah and Zalmunna, and took the crescents that were on their camels' necks.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	Zebah	Zebah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Zalmunna	Zalmunna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nsubj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	advcl	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	so	so	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
27	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	_
28	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	Gideon	Gideon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
34	Zebah	Zebah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	Zalmunna	Zalmunna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	conj	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	crescents	crescent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obj	_	_
42	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	48	nsubj	_	_
43	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	cop	_	_
44	on	on	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
45	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	camels	camel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	48	nmod:poss	_	_
47	'	's	PART	POS	_	46	case	_	_
48	necks	neck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	acl:relcl	_	_
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Zebah and Zalmunna |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **rise** | infinitive | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **fall** | infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon us | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon we=Location |
| 4 | **is a** | present |  | the man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **is a** | present |  | Gideon's strength |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **arise** | past | Gideon |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **slay** | past | Gideon *not said here* | Zebah and Zalmunna |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent zebah=Patient |
| 8 | **take** | past | Gideon *not said here* | the crescents |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crescent=Theme |
| 9 | **is** | past | the crescents |  |  | men's camels's necks |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֜אמֶר זֶ֣בַח וְצַלְמֻנָּ֗ע ק֤וּם אַתָּה֙ וּפְגַע־בָּ֔נוּ כִּ֥י כָאִ֖ישׁ גְּבוּרָת֑וֹ וַיָּ֣קָם גִּדְע֗וֹן וַֽיַּהֲרֹג֙ אֶת־זֶ֣בַח וְאֶת־צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע וַיִּקַּח֙ אֶת־הַשַּׂ֣הֲרֹנִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּצַוְּארֵ֥י גְמַלֵּיהֶֽם׃

[Judges 8:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:245` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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