---
title: Judges 8:31 (JPS 1917) — And his concubine that was in Shechem, she also bore him a son, and… · tree and pragmatics
description: And his concubine that was in Shechem, she also bore him a son, and he called his name Abimelech. Who acts: concubine, Shechem, Gideon. Judges 8:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 8:31 · JPS 1917

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And his concubine that was in Shechem, she also bore him a son, and he called his name Abimelech.

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**Who acts:** concubine, Shechem, Gideon · **What happens:** be, bear, call, name · **To what, where:** Shechem, son, Gideon, name · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 8:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (concubine, Shechem, Gideon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:256
# text = And his concubine that was in Shechem, she also bore him a son, and he called his name Abimelech.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	concubine	concubine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	dislocated	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Shechem	Shechem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	also	also	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	Abimelech	Abimelech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	xcomp	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Gideon's concubine |  |  | Shechem |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bear** | past | Shechem | a son | Gideon |  |  | Gideon's concubine *dislocated* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary son=Patient |
| 3 | **call** | past | Gideon | Gideon's name |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient |
| 4 | **name** |  | Gideon |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וּפִֽילַגְשׁוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּשְׁכֶ֔ם יָֽלְדָה־לּ֥וֹ גַם־הִ֖יא בֵּ֑ן וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ אֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃

[Judges 8:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.8.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:256` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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