---
title: Judges 1:28 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when Israel was waxen strong, that they put the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass, when Israel was waxen strong, that they put the Canaanites to task-work, but did in no wise drive them out. Who acts: city, Israel, Canaanites. Judges 1:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 1:28 · JPS 1917

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And it came to pass, when Israel was waxen strong, that they put the Canaanites to task-work, but did in no wise drive them out.

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**Who acts:** city, Israel, Canaanites · **What happens:** come, pass, be, put, drive out · **To what, where:** Canaanites, wise

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This is Judges 1:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city, Israel, Canaanites), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:28
# text = And it came to pass, when Israel was waxen strong, that they put the Canaanites to task-work, but did in no wise drive them out.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	11	mark	_	_
8	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	waxen	waxen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Canaanites	Canaanites	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	task	task	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	_
21	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	27	det	_	_
27	wise	wise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
28	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
29	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	out	out	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | city |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | city *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | Israel |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **put** | past | Canaanites |  | the Canaanites |  |  | to task work | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent canaanites=Goal |
| 5 | **drive out** | past · do-support | Canaanites *not said here* | Canaanites |  | no wise |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in wise=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽיְהִי֙ כִּֽי־חָזַ֣ק יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֖י לָמַ֑ס וְהוֹרֵ֖ישׁ לֹ֥א הוֹרִישֽׁוֹ׃ס

[Judges 1:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.1.28/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:28` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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