--- title: Judges 9:28 (JPS 1917) — And Gaal the son of Ebed said: 'Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem… · tree and pragmatics description: And Gaal the son of Ebed said: 'Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? is not he the son of Jerubbaal? and Zebul his officer? serve ye the men of Hamor the father of Shechem; but why should we serve him? Who acts: Gaal, Abimelech, we, ye. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gaal, Abimelech, we, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:288 # text = And Gaal the son of Ebed said: 'Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? is not he the son of Jerubbaal? and Zebul his officer? serve ye the men of Hamor the father of Shechem; but why should we serve him? 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 2 Gaal Gaal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Ebed Ebed PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 9 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 10 Who who PRON WP PronType=Int 12 nsubj _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 12 Abimelech Abimelech PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 ccomp _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 15 who who PRON WP PronType=Int 17 nsubj _ _ 16 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 17 Shechem Shechem PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 that that SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 serve serve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ _ 23 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 ? ? PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 26 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 29 advmod _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 Jerubbaal Jerubbaal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 32 ? ? PUNCT . _ 29 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 Zebul Zebul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 35 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 officer officer NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 appos _ _ 37 ? ? PUNCT . _ 34 punct _ _ 38 serve serve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 parataxis _ _ 39 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 38 nsubj _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obj _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 Hamor Hamor PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 nmod _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 appos _ _ 46 of of ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 Shechem Shechem PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 nmod _ _ 48 ; ; PUNCT : _ 53 punct _ _ 49 but but CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 50 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 53 advmod _ _ 51 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 53 aux _ _ 52 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 53 serve serve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 parataxis _ _ 54 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 obj _ _ 55 ? ? PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gaal | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | present | | Abimelech and Shechem | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **is a** | present | Abimelech and Shechem | Shechem | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **serve** | should | we | Gaal | | | | | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Attribute | | 5 | **not** **is a** | present | Gaal | the son and Zebul | | | | of Jerubbaal | tree rules | | 6 | **serve** | infinitive | ye | the men of Hamor | | | | | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Attribute | | 7 | **serve** | should | we | Gaal | | | | | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ גַּ֣עַל בֶּן־עֶ֗בֶד מִֽי־אֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְ וּמִֽי־שְׁכֶם֙ כִּ֣י נַעַבְדֶ֔נּוּ הֲלֹ֥א בֶן־יְרֻבַּ֖עַל וּזְבֻ֣ל פְּקִיד֑וֹ עִבְד֗וּ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֤י חֲמוֹר֙ אֲבִ֣י שְׁכֶ֔ם וּמַדּ֖וּעַ נַעַבְדֶ֥נּוּ אֲנָֽחְנוּ׃ [Judges 9:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.28/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:288` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 9:27 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.287/) - next →: [Judges 9:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.289/) - ↑ back to [Judges 9:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.28/)