---
title: Judges 9:45 (JPS 1917) — And Abimelech fought against the city all that day; and he took the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Abimelech fought against the city all that day; and he took the city, and slew the people that were therein; and he beat down the city, and sowed it with salt. Who acts: Abimelech, people. Judges 9:45 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 9:45 · JPS 1917

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And Abimelech fought against the city all that day; and he took the city, and slew the people that were therein; and he beat down the city, and sowed it with salt.

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**Who acts:** Abimelech, people · **What happens:** fight, take, slay, be, beat down, sow · **To what, where:** city, people

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This is Judges 9:45 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abimelech, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:305
# text = And Abimelech fought against the city all that day; and he took the city, and slew the people that were therein; and he beat down the city, and sowed it with salt.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Abimelech	Abimelech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	9	det:predet	_	_
8	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	20	acl:relcl	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	beat	beat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
28	down	down	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	sowed	sow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	_
35	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | Abimelech |  |  |  | day | against the city | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take** | past | Abimelech | the city |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Theme |
| 3 | **slay** | past | Abimelech *not said here* | the people |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | past | the people |  |  |  |  | therein *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **beat down** | past | Abimelech | the city |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location city=Theme |
| 6 | **sow** | past | Abimelech *not said here* | city |  |  |  | with salt | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with salt=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַאֲבִימֶ֜לֶךְ נִלְחָ֣ם בָּעִ֗יר כֹּ֚ל הַיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וַיִּלְכֹּד֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וְאֶת־הָעָ֥ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֖הּ הָרָ֑ג וַיִּתֹּץ֙ אֶת־הָעִ֔יר וַיִּזְרָעֶ֖הָ מֶֽלַח׃פ

[Judges 9:45: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.45/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:305` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Judges 9:44 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.304/)
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