---
title: Judges 11:13 (JPS 1917) — And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers o… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers of Jephthah: 'Because Israel took away my land, when he came up out of Egypt, from the Arnon even unto the Jabbok, and unto the Jordan; now therefore restore those cities peaceably.' Who acts: king, Israel, Jephthah. Judges 11:13 in 
---

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# Judges 11:13 · JPS 1917

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And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers of Jephthah: 'Because Israel took away my land, when he came up out of Egypt, from the Arnon even unto the Jabbok, and unto the Jordan; now therefore restore those cities peaceably.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king, Israel, Jephthah · **What happens:** answer, take away, come up, restore · **To what, where:** land, Arnon, Egypt, cities

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Judges 11:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, Israel, Jephthah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:349
# text = And the king of the children of Ammon answered unto the messengers of Jephthah: 'Because Israel took away my land, when he came up out of Egypt, from the Arnon even unto the Jabbok, and unto the Jordan; now therefore restore those cities peaceably.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Ammon	Ammon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Jephthah	Jephthah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
17	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
20	away	away	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	26	mark	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
27	up	up	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
28	out	out	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	from	from	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Arnon	Arnon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
35	even	even	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
36	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	Jabbok	Jabbok	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
41	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	conj	_	_
44	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	47	punct	_	_
45	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	47	advmod	_	_
46	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
47	restore	restore	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	parataxis	_	_
48	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	49	det	_	_
49	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	obj	_	_
50	peaceably	peaceably	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
52	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the king of the children of Ammon |  |  |  |  | unto the messengers of Jephthah | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take away** | past | Israel | my land |  | the Arnon unto the Jabbok and the Jordan |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent land=Theme from arnon=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **come up** | past | Jephthah |  |  | Egypt |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out egypt=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **restore** | infinitive |  | that cities |  |  | now | peaceably, therefore *property* | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent city=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּאמֶר֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֜וֹן אֶל־מַלְאֲכֵ֣י יִפְתָּ֗ח כִּֽי־לָקַ֨ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל אֶת־אַרְצִי֙ בַּעֲלוֹת֣וֹ מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם מֵאַרְנ֥וֹן וְעַד־הַיַּבֹּ֖ק וְעַד־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְעַתָּ֕ה הָשִׁ֥יבָה אֶתְהֶ֖ן בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃

[Judges 11:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:349` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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