--- title: Judges 12:1 (JPS 1917) — And the men of Ephraim were gathered together, and passed to Zaphon;… · tree and pragmatics description: And the men of Ephraim were gathered together, and passed to Zaphon; and they said unto Jephthah: 'Wherefore didst thou pass over to fight against the children of Ammon, and didst not call us to go with thee? we will burn thy house upon thee with fire.' Who acts: men, thou. Judges 12:1 in JPS 1917 w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.381/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/12/) / [12:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.12.1/) / JPS 1 # Judges 12:1 · JPS 1917 And the men of Ephraim were gathered together, and passed to Zaphon; and they said unto Jephthah: 'Wherefore didst thou pass over to fight against the children of Ammon, and didst not call us to go with thee? we will burn thy house upon thee with fire.' **Who acts:** men, thou · **What happens:** gather, pass, say, pass over, fight, not call · **To what, where:** men, Zaphon, us, house · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Judges 12:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:381 # text = And the men of Ephraim were gathered together, and passed to Zaphon; and they said unto Jephthah: 'Wherefore didst thou pass over to fight against the children of Ammon, and didst not call us to go with thee? we will burn thy house upon thee with fire.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Ephraim Ephraim PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 gathered gather VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 together together ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 passed pass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 12 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 Zaphon Zaphon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 18 unto unto ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Jephthah Jephthah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 20 : : PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 21 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ _ 22 Wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 25 advmod _ _ 23 didst do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 24 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 25 nsubj _ _ 25 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 ccomp _ _ 26 over over ADP RP _ 25 compound:prt _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 fight fight VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 advcl _ _ 29 against against ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Ammon Ammon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 36 didst do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 38 advmod _ _ 38 call call VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 conj _ _ 39 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ _ 40 to to PART TO _ 41 mark _ _ 41 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 xcomp _ _ 42 with with ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 41 obl _ _ 44 ? ? PUNCT . _ 25 punct _ _ 45 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 46 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 47 burn burn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 parataxis _ _ 48 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 49 nmod:poss _ _ 49 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 50 upon upon ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 47 obl _ _ 52 with with ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obl _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 47 punct _ _ 55 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 47 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: warn - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=warn, indirect=0 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **gather** | past · passive | | the men of Ephraim | | | | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **pass** | past | | | | Zaphon | | | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to zaphon=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | men *= man* | | | | | unto Jephthah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **pass over** | past · do-support | thou | | | | | wherefore *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **fight** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | | | | | against the children of Ammon | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **not** **call** | past · do-support | thou *not said here* | us | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **go** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | | | | | with thee | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with thou=Beneficiary | | 8 | **burn** | future | | thy house | | | | upon thee; with fire | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent house=Patient with fire=Instrument | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּצָּעֵק֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶפְרַ֔יִם וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֖ר צָפ֑וֹנָה וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ לְיִפְתָּ֜ח מַדּ֣וּעַ ׀ עָבַ֣רְתָּ ׀ לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם בִּבְנֵי־עַמּ֗וֹן וְלָ֙נוּ֙ לֹ֤א קָרָ֙אתָ֙ לָלֶ֣כֶת עִמָּ֔ךְ בֵּיתְךָ֕ נִשְׂרֹ֥ף עָלֶ֖יךָ בָּאֵֽשׁ׃ [Judges 12:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.12.1/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:381` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 11:40 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.380/) - next →: [Judges 12:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.382/) - ↑ back to [Judges 12:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.12.1/)