--- title: Judges 12:6 (JPS 1917) — then said they unto him: 'Say now Shibboleth'; and he said 'Sibbolet… · tree and pragmatics description: then said they unto him: 'Say now Shibboleth'; and he said 'Sibboleth'; for he could not frame to pronounce it right; then they laid hold on him, and slew him at the fords of the Jordan; and there fell at that time of Ephraim forty and two thousand. Who acts: men, Ephraim. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, Ephraim), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:386 # text = then said they unto him: 'Say now Shibboleth'; and he said 'Sibboleth'; for he could not frame to pronounce it right; then they laid hold on him, and slew him at the fords of the Jordan; and there fell at that time of Ephraim forty and two thousand. 1 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 advmod _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 8 Say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 ccomp _ _ 9 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 8 advmod _ _ 10 Shibboleth Shibboleth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 8 punct _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 16 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ _ 17 Sibboleth Sibboleth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 17 punct _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 20 for for SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 22 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 23 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 24 advmod _ _ 24 frame frame VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 advcl _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 pronounce pronounce VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 xcomp _ _ 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 right right ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 30 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 32 advmod _ _ 31 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 laid lay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 33 hold hold NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 34 on on ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 slew slay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 conj _ _ 39 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ _ 40 at at ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 fords ford NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obl _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 nmod _ _ 46 ; ; PUNCT : _ 49 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 48 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 49 expl _ _ 49 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 conj _ _ 50 at at ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 51 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 52 det _ _ 52 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obl _ _ 53 of of ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 54 Ephraim Ephraim PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 obl _ _ 55 forty forty NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 58 conj _ _ 56 and and CCONJ CC _ 57 cc _ _ 57 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 58 conj _ _ 58 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 54 nummod _ _ 59 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=decl, act=narrate, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | men *= man* | | | | then | unto Ephraim | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | | Shibboleth | | | now | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent shibboleth=Topic | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ephraim | Sibboleth | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sibboleth=Topic | | 4 | **not** **frame** | could | Ephraim | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **pronounce** | to-infinitive | Ephraim *not said here* | Jordan | | | | right *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 6 | **lay** | past | men *= man* | hold | | | then | on Ephraim | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hold=Theme on he=Destination | | 7 | **slay** | past | men *= man* *not said here* | Ephraim | | the fords of the Jordan | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | | 8 | **fall** | past | men *= man* *not said here* | | | there | time | of Ephraim | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme of ephraim=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ לוֹ֩ אֱמָר־נָ֨א שִׁבֹּ֜לֶת וַיֹּ֣אמֶר סִבֹּ֗לֶת וְלֹ֤א יָכִין֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר כֵּ֔ן וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּ אוֹת֔וֹ וַיִּשְׁחָט֖וּהוּ אֶל־מַעְבְּר֣וֹת הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וַיִּפֹּ֞ל בָּעֵ֤ת הַהִיא֙ מֵֽאֶפְרַ֔יִם אַרְבָּעִ֥ים וּשְׁנַ֖יִם אָֽלֶף׃ [Judges 12:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.12.6/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:386` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 12:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.385/) - next →: [Judges 12:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.387/) - ↑ back to [Judges 12:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.12.6/)