---
title: Judges 14:18 (JPS 1917) — And he said unto them: If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had n… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he said unto them: If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle. Who acts: sun, ye, my. Judges 14:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 14:18 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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And he said unto them: If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle.

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**Who acts:** sun, ye, my · **What happens:** say, not plow, not find out, riddle · **To what, where:** riddle · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 14:18 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, ye, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:444
# text = And he said unto them: If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
7	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	plowed	plow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	heifer	heifer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
16	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	riddle	riddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | sun |  |  |  |  | unto men *= man* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **plow** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect | ye |  |  |  |  | with my heifer | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **find out** | past · perfect | ye | my riddle |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent riddle=Topic |
| 4 | **riddle** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom riddle «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֣אמְרוּ לוֹ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הָעִ֜יר בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י בְּטֶ֙רֶם֙ יָבֹ֣א הַחַ֔רְסָה מַה־מָּת֣וֹק מִדְּבַ֔שׁ וּמֶ֥ה עַ֖ז מֵאֲרִ֑י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם לוּלֵא֙ חֲרַשְׁתֶּ֣ם בְּעֶגְלָתִ֔י לֹ֥א מְצָאתֶ֖ם חִידָתִֽי׃

[Judges 14:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.14.18/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [And the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before the sun went down: What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.443/)
2. **And he said unto them: If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:444` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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