---
title: Judges 15:2 (JPS 1917) — And her father said: 'I verily thought that thou hadst utterly hated… · tree and pragmatics
description: And her father said: 'I verily thought that thou hadst utterly hated her; therefore I gave her to thy companion; is not her younger sister fairer than she? take her, I pray thee, instead of her.' Who acts: father, I, thou, younger sister. Judges 15:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# Judges 15:2 · JPS 1917

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And her father said: 'I verily thought that thou hadst utterly hated her; therefore I gave her to thy companion; is not her younger sister fairer than she? take her, I pray thee, instead of her.'

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**Who acts:** father, I, thou, younger sister · **What happens:** say, think, hate, give, not be, take · **To what, where:** wife, companion, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 15:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, I, thou, younger sister), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:449
# text = And her father said: 'I verily thought that thou hadst utterly hated her; therefore I gave her to thy companion; is not her younger sister fairer than she? take her, I pray thee, instead of her.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	verily	verily	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
12	hadst	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	utterly	utterly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	hated	hate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	ccomp	_	_
15	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
20	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
26	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	30	advmod	_	_
27	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
28	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	29	amod	_	_
29	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	fairer	fair	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	ccomp	_	_
31	than	than	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
33	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	_
34	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
35	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
38	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	parataxis	_	_
39	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	obj	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
41	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	43	case	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	fixed	_	_
43	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obl	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
45	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | wife's father |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | I |  |  |  |  | verily *property* | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **hate** | past · perfect | thou | wife |  |  |  | utterly *property* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |
| 4 | **give** | past | I | wife | thy companion |  |  | therefore *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Theme to companion=Recipient |
| 5 | **not** **is** | present | wife's younger sister |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **take** | infinitive |  |  | wife |  |  | instead wife | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument she=Destination |
| 7 | **pray** | present | I | thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אָבִ֗יהָ אָמֹ֤ר אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ כִּי־שָׂנֹ֣א שְׂנֵאתָ֔הּ וָאֶתְּנֶ֖נָּה לְמֵרֵעֶ֑ךָ הֲלֹ֨א אֲחֹתָ֤הּ הַקְּטַנָּה֙ טוֹבָ֣ה מִמֶּ֔נָּה תְּהִי־נָ֥א לְךָ֖ תַּחְתֶּֽיהָ׃

[Judges 15:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.15.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:449` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Judges 15:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.448/)
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