---
title: Judges 15:11 (JPS 1917) — Then three thousand men of Judah went down to the cleft of the rock… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then three thousand men of Judah went down to the cleft of the rock of Etam, and said to Samson: 'Knowest thou not that the Philistines are rulers over us? what then is this that thou hast done unto us?' And he said unto them: 'As they did unto me, so have I done unto them.' Who acts: thousand men, 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.458/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/15/) / [15:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.15.11/) / JPS 1

# Judges 15:11 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then three thousand men of Judah went down to the cleft of the rock of Etam, and said to Samson: 'Knowest thou not that the Philistines are rulers over us? what then is this that thou hast done unto us?' And he said unto them: 'As they did unto me, so have I done unto them.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thousand men, thou, Philistines, Samson, I · **What happens:** go down, say, not know, be, do · **To what, where:** Samson, rulers, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Judges 15:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thousand men, thou, Philistines, Samson), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:458
# text = Then three thousand men of Judah went down to the cleft of the rock of Etam, and said to Samson: 'Knowest thou not that the Philistines are rulers over us? what then is this that thou hast done unto us?' And he said unto them: 'As they did unto me, so have I done unto them.'
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	compound	_	_
3	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cleft	cleft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Etam	Etam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Samson	Samson	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	_
24	Knowest	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	ccomp	_	_
25	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
26	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
27	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	_
30	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
31	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	ccomp	_	_
32	over	over	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	nmod	_	_
34	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	31	punct	_	_
35	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	7	parataxis	_	_
36	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	38	advmod	_	_
37	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	cop	_	_
38	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	35	nsubj	_	_
39	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	42	obj	_	_
40	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	42	nsubj	_	_
41	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
42	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	38	acl:relcl	_	_
43	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	42	obl	_	_
45	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	38	punct	_	_
46	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
47	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
48	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
49	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
50	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	obl	_	_
52	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	63	punct	_	_
53	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	63	punct	_	_
54	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	56	mark	_	_
55	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	56	nsubj	_	_
56	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	63	advcl	_	_
57	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
58	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	56	obl	_	_
59	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
60	so	so	ADV	RB	_	63	advmod	_	_
61	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	63	aux	_	_
62	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	63	nsubj	_	_
63	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	49	ccomp	_	_
64	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	65	case	_	_
65	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	63	obl	_	_
66	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
67	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go down** | past | thousand men of Judah |  |  |  | then | to the cleft of the rock of Etam; down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | thousand men of Judah *not said here* |  | Samson |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to samson=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **know** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is a** | present | the Philistines | rulers |  |  |  | over us | tree rules |
| 5 | **is a** | present |  | this |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **do** | present · perfect | thou |  |  |  |  | unto us | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Samson |  |  |  |  | unto men *= man* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 8 | **do** | past | Philistines *= philistine* |  |  |  |  | unto me | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **do** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | unto men *= man* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּרְד֡וּ שְׁלֹשֶׁת֩ אֲלָפִ֨ים אִ֜ישׁ מִֽיהוּדָ֗ה אֶל־סְעִיף֮ סֶ֣לַע עֵיטָם֒ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לְשִׁמְשׁ֗וֹן הֲלֹ֤א יָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ כִּֽי־מֹשְׁלִ֥ים בָּ֙נוּ֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וּמַה־זֹּ֖את עָשִׂ֣יתָ לָּ֑נוּ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁר֙ עָ֣שׂוּ לִ֔י כֵּ֖ן עָשִׂ֥יתִי לָהֶֽם׃

[Judges 15:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.15.11/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:458` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Judges 15:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.457/)
- next →: [Judges 15:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.459/)
- ↑ back to [Judges 15:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.15.11/)