--- title: Judges 16:2 (JPS 1917) — And it was told the Gazites, saying: 'Samson is come hither.' And th… · tree and pragmatics description: And it was told the Gazites, saying: 'Samson is come hither.' And they compassed him in, and lay in wait for him all night in the gate of the city, and were quiet all the night, saying: 'Let be till morning light, then we will kill him.' Who acts: Samson, Gazites, we. 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And they compassed him in, and lay in wait for him all night in the gate of the city, and were quiet all the night, saying: 'Let be till morning light, then we will kill him.' **Who acts:** Samson, Gazites, we · **What happens:** tell, say, come, compass in, lie, be · **To what, where:** harlot, Gazites, Gaza, wait · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Judges 16:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Samson, Gazites, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:469 # text = And it was told the Gazites, saying: 'Samson is come hither.' And they compassed him in, and lay in wait for him all night in the gate of the city, and were quiet all the night, saying: 'Let be till morning light, then we will kill him.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Gazites Gazite PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 4 iobj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 10 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 11 Samson Samson PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 ccomp _ _ 14 hither hither ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 15 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ 16 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 13 punct _ _ 17 And and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 compassed compass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 20 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ _ 21 in in ADP RP _ 19 compound:prt _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 lay lie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 wait wait NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ _ 29 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 30 det _ _ 30 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl:unmarked _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 gate gate NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 39 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 quiet quiet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 41 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 43 det:predet _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl:unmarked _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 45 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 40 advcl _ _ 46 : : PUNCT : _ 48 punct _ _ 47 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 48 punct _ _ 48 Let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 45 ccomp _ _ 49 be be VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 48 xcomp _ _ 50 till till ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 51 morning morning NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 compound _ _ 52 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obl _ _ 53 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 54 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 57 advmod _ _ 55 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 57 nsubj _ _ 56 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 57 aux _ _ 57 kill kill VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 48 parataxis _ _ 58 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 57 obj _ _ 59 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 60 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=narrate | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past · passive | | harlot | the Gazites | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient gazite=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **come** | present · passive | Samson | | | | | hither *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **compass in** | past | Gazites *= gazite* | Gaza | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **lie** | past | Gazites *= gazite* *not said here* | | | wait | night | for Gaza; in the gate of the city | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in wait=Location | | 6 | **is** | past | | | | | night | quiet *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **let** | infinitive | | | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **be** | infinitive | | | | | till morning light | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 10 | **kill** | future | we | Gaza | | | then | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} לַֽעַזָּתִ֣ים ׀ לֵאמֹ֗ר בָּ֤א שִׁמְשׁוֹן֙ הֵ֔נָּה וַיָּסֹ֛בּוּ וַיֶּאֶרְבוּ־ל֥וֹ כָל־הַלַּ֖יְלָה בְּשַׁ֣עַר הָעִ֑יר וַיִּתְחָרְשׁ֤וּ כָל־הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר עַד־א֥וֹר הַבֹּ֖קֶר וַהֲרְגְנֻֽהוּ׃ [Judges 16:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.2/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:469` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 16:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.468/) - next →: [Judges 16:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.470/) - ↑ back to [Judges 16:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.2/)