---
title: Judges 16:3 (JPS 1917) — And Samson lay till midnight, and arose at midnight, and laid hold o… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Samson lay till midnight, and arose at midnight, and laid hold of the doors of the gate of the city, and the two posts, and plucked them up, bar and all, and put them upon his shoulders, and carried them up to the top of the mountain that is before Hebron. Who acts: Samson, mountain. Judges 16:3
---

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# Judges 16:3 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Samson lay till midnight, and arose at midnight, and laid hold of the doors of the gate of the city, and the two posts, and plucked them up, bar and all, and put them upon his shoulders, and carried them up to the top of the mountain that is before Hebron.

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**Who acts:** Samson, mountain · **What happens:** lie, arise, lay hold, pluck up, put, carry up · **To what, where:** posts, shoulders, top

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Judges 16:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Samson, mountain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:470
# text = And Samson lay till midnight, and arose at midnight, and laid hold of the doors of the gate of the city, and the two posts, and plucked them up, bar and all, and put them upon his shoulders, and carried them up to the top of the mountain that is before Hebron.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Samson	Samson	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	till	till	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	doors	door	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	28	nummod	_	_
28	posts	post	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	plucked	pluck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
32	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obj	_	_
33	up	up	ADP	RP	_	31	compound:prt	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	bar	bar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	all	all	PRON	DT	PronType=Tot	35	conj	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
41	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	obj	_	_
42	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obl	_	_
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
47	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
48	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	47	obj	_	_
49	up	up	ADP	RP	_	47	compound:prt	_	_
50	to	to	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obl	_	_
53	of	of	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	nmod	_	_
56	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	59	nsubj	_	_
57	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	59	cop	_	_
58	before	before	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
59	Hebron	Hebron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	55	acl:relcl	_	_
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | Samson |  |  |  | midnight |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **arise** | past | Samson *not said here* |  |  |  | midnight |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **lay hold** | past | Samson *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of the doors of the gate of the city and the two posts | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pluck up** | past | Samson *not said here* | posts *= post* |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 5 | **put** | past | Samson *not said here* | posts *= post* |  | Gaza's shoulders |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme upon shoulder=Destination |
| 6 | **carry up** | past | Samson *not said here* | posts *= post* |  | the top of the mountain |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme to top=Destination |
| 7 | **is** | present | the mountain |  |  |  | before Hebron |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב שִׁמְשׁוֹן֮ עַד־חֲצִ֣י הַלַּיְלָה֒ וַיָּ֣קָם ׀ בַּחֲצִ֣י הַלַּ֗יְלָה וַיֶּאֱחֹ֞ז בְּדַלְת֤וֹת שַֽׁעַר־הָעִיר֙ וּבִשְׁתֵּ֣י הַמְּזוּז֔וֹת וַיִּסָּעֵם֙ עִֽם־הַבְּרִ֔יחַ וַיָּ֖שֶׂם עַל־כְּתֵפָ֑יו וַֽיַּעֲלֵם֙ אֶל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָהָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י חֶבְרֽוֹן׃פ

[Judges 16:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:470` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Judges 16:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.469/)
- next →: [Judges 16:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.471/)
- ↑ back to [Judges 16:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.3/)