---
title: Judges 16:20 (JPS 1917) — And she said: 'The Philistines are upon thee, Samson.' And he awoke… · tree and pragmatics
description: And she said: 'The Philistines are upon thee, Samson.' And he awoke out of his sleep, and said: 'I will go out as at other times, and shake myself.' But he knew not that the LORD was departed from him. Who acts: Delilah, Philistines, soul, I. Judges 16:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Judges 16:20 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And she said: 'The Philistines are upon thee, Samson.' And he awoke out of his sleep, and said: 'I will go out as at other times, and shake myself.' But he knew not that the LORD was departed from him.

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**Who acts:** Delilah, Philistines, soul, I, LORD · **What happens:** say, be, awake, go out, shake, not know · **To what, where:** sleep, myself · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 16:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Delilah, Philistines, soul, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:490
# text = And she said: 'The Philistines are upon thee, Samson.' And he awoke out of his sleep, and said: 'I will go out as at other times, and shake myself.' But he knew not that the LORD was departed from him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
6	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Philistines	Philistines	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	ccomp	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Samson	Samson	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	vocative	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
15	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	awoke	awake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
25	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
26	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	_
27	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	ccomp	_	_
30	out	out	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
31	as	as	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	at	at	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	shake	shake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	conj	_	_
38	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	37	obj	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
40	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
41	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
42	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
44	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	43	advmod	_	_
45	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	49	mark	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	nsubj	_	_
48	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	aux	_	_
49	departed	depart	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	43	ccomp	_	_
50	from	from	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	obl	_	_
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Delilah |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the Philistines |  |  |  |  | upon thee; Samson *vocative* | tree rules |
| 3 | **awake** | past | soul |  |  | soul's sleep |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out sleep=Location |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | soul *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **go out** | future | I |  |  |  | time | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **shake** | infinitive | I *not said here* | myself |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent myself=Patient |
| 7 | **not** **know** | past | soul |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 8 | **depart** | past · passive | the LORD |  |  |  |  | from soul | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from he=Initial\_Location |
| 9 | **sleep** |  | soul |  |  |  |  |  | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתֹּ֕אמֶר פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥ים עָלֶ֖יךָ שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹן וַיִּקַ֣ץ מִשְּׁנָת֗וֹ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֵצֵ֞א כְּפַ֤עַם בְּפַ֙עַם֙ וְאִנָּעֵ֔ר וְהוּא֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה סָ֥ר מֵעָלָֽיו׃

[Judges 16:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:490` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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