--- title: Judges 18:7 (JPS 1917) — Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people th… · tree and pragmatics description: Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt in security, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; for there was none in the land, possessing authority, that might put them to shame in any thing, and they were far from the Zidonians, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.523/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/18/) / [18:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.7/) / JPS 1 # Judges 18:7 · JPS 1917 Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt in security, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; for there was none in the land, possessing authority, that might put them to shame in any thing, and they were far from the Zidonians, and had no dealings with any man. **Who acts:** five men, people, men, none · **What happens:** depart, come, see, be, dwell, possess · **To what, where:** Laish, people, security, authority, men, thing · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Judges 18:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (five men, people, men, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:523 # text = Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt in security, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; for there was none in the land, possessing authority, that might put them to shame in any thing, and they were far from the Zidonians, and had no dealings with any man. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 5 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 4 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 departed depart VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 9 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Laish Laish PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ _ 16 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 17 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 18 therein therein ADV RB _ 15 acl:relcl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 21 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 dwelt dwell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 ccomp _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 security security NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 after after ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 manner manner NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 Zidonians Zidonians PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 28 nmod _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 33 quiet quiet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 secure secure ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 conj _ _ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 37 for for SCONJ IN _ 39 mark _ _ 38 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 39 expl _ _ 39 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 40 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 39 nsubj _ _ 41 in in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 45 possessing possess VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 40 acl _ _ 46 authority authority NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obj _ _ 47 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 48 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 50 nsubj _ _ 49 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 50 aux _ _ 50 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 acl:relcl _ _ 51 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 obj _ _ 52 to to ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 shame shame NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 obl _ _ 54 in in ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 55 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 56 det _ _ 56 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 obl _ _ 57 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 58 and and CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 59 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 61 nsubj _ _ 60 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 61 cop _ _ 61 far far ADV RB _ 5 conj _ _ 62 from from ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 63 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 64 det _ _ 64 Zidonians Zidonians PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 61 obl _ _ 65 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct _ _ 66 and and CCONJ CC _ 67 cc _ _ 67 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 68 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 69 det _ _ 69 dealings dealing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 67 obj _ _ 70 with with ADP IN _ 72 case _ _ 71 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 72 det _ _ 72 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 69 nmod _ _ 73 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **depart** | past | the five men | | | | then | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **come** | past | the five men *not said here* | | | Laish | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to laish=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **see** | past | the five men *not said here* | the people | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **is** | past | the people | | | | | therein *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **dwell** | past | men *= man* | | | security | after the manner of the Zidonians | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in security=Location | | 6 | **be** | past | none | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **possess** | gerund | | authority | | | | | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot authority=Theme | | 8 | **put** | might | | men *= man* | | any thing | | to shame | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in thing=Destination | | 9 | **is** | past | men *= man* | | | the Zidonians | | far *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **have** | past | the five men *not said here* | no dealings | | | | with any man | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dealing=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֵּלְכוּ֙ חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֔ים וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ לָ֑יְשָׁה וַיִּרְא֣וּ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־בְּקִרְבָּ֣הּ יוֹשֶֽׁבֶת־לָ֠בֶטַח כְּמִשְׁפַּ֨ט צִדֹנִ֜ים שֹׁקֵ֣ט ׀ וּבֹטֵ֗חַ וְאֵין־מַכְלִ֨ים דָּבָ֤ר בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ יוֹרֵ֣שׁ עֶ֔צֶר וּרְחֹקִ֥ים הֵ֙מָּה֙ מִצִּ֣דֹנִ֔ים וְדָבָ֥ר אֵין־לָהֶ֖ם עִם־אָדָֽם׃ [Judges 18:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.7/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:523` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 18:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.522/) - next →: [Judges 18:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.524/) - ↑ back to [Judges 18:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.7/)