---
title: Judges 18:9 (JPS 1917) — And they said: 'Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have se… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they said: 'Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good; and are ye still? be not slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land. Who acts: men, us, we, land. Judges 18:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause
---

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# Judges 18:9 · JPS 1917

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And they said: 'Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good; and are ye still? be not slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land.

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**Who acts:** men, us, we, land, ye · **What happens:** say, arise, let, go up, see, be · **To what, where:** us, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 18:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, us, we, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:525
# text = And they said: 'Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good; and are ye still? be not slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Arise	arise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
10	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	up	up	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	against	against	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	30	discourse	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
29	very	very	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	39	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
33	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	cop	_	_
34	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	nsubj	_	_
35	still	still	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
36	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	39	punct	_	_
37	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	cop	_	_
38	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	39	advmod	_	_
39	slothful	slothful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
40	to	to	PART	TO	_	41	mark	_	_
41	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	xcomp	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
43	to	to	PART	TO	_	44	mark	_	_
44	enter	enter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	conj	_	_
45	in	in	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
46	to	to	PART	TO	_	47	mark	_	_
47	possess	possess	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	advcl	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obj	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | men *= man* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **arise** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive |  | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **go up** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against men *= man* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **see** | present · perfect | we | the land |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer land=Stimulus |
| 6 | **is** | present | land |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **not** **is** | present | ye |  |  |  | still | slothful *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **go** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **enter** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **possess** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* | the land |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot land=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ ק֚וּמָה וְנַעֲלֶ֣ה עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֤י רָאִ֙ינוּ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִנֵּ֥ה טוֹבָ֖ה מְאֹ֑ד וְאַתֶּ֣ם מַחְשִׁ֔ים אַל־תֵּעָ֣צְל֔וּ לָלֶ֥כֶת לָבֹ֖א לָרֶ֥שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Judges 18:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:525` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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