--- title: Judges 18:14 (JPS 1917) — Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish… · tree and pragmatics description: Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren: 'Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do.' Who acts: five men, ye, ephod. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (five men, ye, ephod), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:530 # text = Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren: 'Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do.' 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 advmod _ _ 2 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 5 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 6 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 7 nsubj _ _ 7 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 spy spy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 10 out out ADP RP _ 9 compound:prt _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 Laish Laish PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 18 unto unto ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 brethren brethren NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 21 : : PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 22 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ _ 23 Do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 24 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 25 nsubj _ _ 25 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 ccomp _ _ 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 27 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 28 expl _ _ 28 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 ccomp _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 31 det _ _ 31 houses house NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 32 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 ephod ephod NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 teraphim teraphim NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 conj _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 graven graven ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 image image NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 conj _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 44 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 45 molten molten ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 image image NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 conj _ _ 47 ? ? PUNCT . _ 50 punct _ _ 48 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 50 advmod _ _ 49 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 50 advmod _ _ 50 consider consider VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 ccomp _ _ 51 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 53 obj _ _ 52 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 53 nsubj _ _ 53 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 50 ccomp _ _ 54 to to PART TO _ 55 mark _ _ 55 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 53 xcomp _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 50 punct _ _ 57 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 50 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=q, act=ask | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the five men | | | | then | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **go** | past | the five men | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **spy out** | to-infinitive | the five men *not said here* | the country of Laish | | | | | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer country=Stimulus | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the five men *not said here* | | | | | unto men's brethren | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **know** | present · do-support | ye | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 6 | **does** | present | a ephod and teraphim and a graven image and a molten image | | | this houses; there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location | | 7 | **consider** | infinitive | | | | | now | therefore *property* | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 8 | **have** | present | ye | | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **do** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַֽיַּעֲנ֞וּ חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַהֹלְכִים֮ לְרַגֵּל֮ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ לַיִשׁ֒ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל־אֲחֵיהֶ֔ם הַיְדַעְתֶּ֗ם כִּ֠י יֵ֣שׁ בַּבָּתִּ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ אֵפ֣וֹד וּתְרָפִ֔ים וּפֶ֖סֶל וּמַסֵּכָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֖ה דְּע֥וּ מַֽה־תַּעֲשֽׂוּ׃ [Judges 18:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.14/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:530` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 18:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.529/) - next →: [Judges 18:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.531/) - ↑ back to [Judges 18:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.14/)