--- title: Judges 18:19 (JPS 1917) — And they said unto him: 'Hold thy peace, lay thy hand upon thy mouth… · tree and pragmatics description: And they said unto him: 'Hold thy peace, lay thy hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest; is it better for thee to be priest unto the house of one man, or to be priest unto a tribe and a family in Israel?' Who acts: ephod, thee, thy. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ephod, thee, thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:535 # text = And they said unto him: 'Hold thy peace, lay thy hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest; is it better for thee to be priest unto the house of one man, or to be priest unto a tribe and a family in Israel?' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 8 Hold hold VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 9 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 peace peace NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 lay lay VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 13 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 upon upon ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 go go VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 21 with with ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 25 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 29 cop _ _ 26 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 priest priest NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 33 ; ; PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 expl _ _ 36 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 8 ccomp _ _ 37 for for SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 38 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 41 nsubj _ _ 39 to to PART TO _ 41 mark _ _ 40 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 41 cop _ _ 41 priest priest NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 csubj _ _ 42 unto unto ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nmod _ _ 45 of of ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 47 nummod _ _ 47 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nmod _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 49 or or CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 50 to to PART TO _ 52 mark _ _ 51 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 52 cop _ _ 52 priest priest NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 conj _ _ 53 unto unto ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 55 tribe tribe NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 nmod _ _ 56 and and CCONJ CC _ 58 cc _ _ 57 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 58 family family NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 conj _ _ 59 in in ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 60 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 58 nmod _ _ 61 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 62 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=imp, act=request, indirect=0 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | ephod | | | | | unto image | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **hold** | infinitive | | thy peace | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peace=Theme | | 3 | **lay** | infinitive | | thy hand | | thy mouth | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme upon mouth=Destination | | 4 | **go** | infinitive | | | | | | with us | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with we=Beneficiary | | 5 | **is a** | infinitive | | a father and a priest | us | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **is** | present | | | | | | good *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **is a** | to-infinitive | thee | priest or priest | | | | unto the house of one man | tree rules | | 8 | **is a** | to-infinitive | thee *not said here* | priest | | | | unto a tribe and a family in Israel | tree rules | | 9 | **pacify** | | thy | | | | | | nom peace «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּאמְרוּ֩ ל֨וֹ הַחֲרֵ֜שׁ שִֽׂים־יָדְךָ֤ עַל־פִּ֙יךָ֙ וְלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֔נוּ וֶֽהְיֵה־לָ֖נוּ לְאָ֣ב וּלְכֹהֵ֑ן הֲט֣וֹב ׀ הֱיוֹתְךָ֣ כֹהֵ֗ן לְבֵית֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֔ד א֚וֹ הֱיוֹתְךָ֣ כֹהֵ֔ן לְשֵׁ֥בֶט וּלְמִשְׁפָּחָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [Judges 18:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.19/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:535` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 18:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.534/) - next →: [Judges 18:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.536/) - ↑ back to [Judges 18:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.19/)