---
title: Judges 18:23 (JPS 1917) — And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah: 'What aileth thee,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah: 'What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?' Who acts: ephod, thou. Judges 18:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 18:23 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah: 'What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?'

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**Who acts:** ephod, thou · **What happens:** turn, say, ail, come · **To what, where:** faces, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 18:23 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ephod, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:540
# text = And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah: 'What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Micah	Micah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
13	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	14	nsubj	_	_
14	aileth	ail	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
15	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
19	comest	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	such	such	ADJ	PDT	_	23	det:predet	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
25	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=decl, act=narrate, voice=narrator

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | ephod | ephod's faces |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent face=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | ephod *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Micah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **ail** | present |  | thee |  |  |  |  | vn pain-40.8.1 «NP V NP.experiencer»: agent=Patient thou=Experiencer |
| 4 | **come** | present | thou |  |  |  |  | with such company | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַֽיִּקְרְאוּ֙ אֶל־בְּנֵי־דָ֔ן וַיַּסֵּ֖בּוּ פְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לְמִיכָ֔ה מַה־לְּךָ֖ כִּ֥י נִזְעָֽקְתָּ׃

[Judges 18:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.18.23/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [And they cried unto the children of Dan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.539/)
2. **And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah: 'What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?'**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:540` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Judges 18:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.539/)
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