---
title: Judges 19:8 (JPS 1917) — And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart; and th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart; and the damsel's father said: 'Stay thy heart, I pray thee, and tarry ye until the day declineth'; and they did eat, both of them. Who acts: father, I, ye, day. Judges 19:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# Judges 19:8 · JPS 1917

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And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart; and the damsel's father said: 'Stay thy heart, I pray thee, and tarry ye until the day declineth'; and they did eat, both of them.

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**Who acts:** father, I, ye, day, servant · **What happens:** arise, depart, say, stay, pray, tarry · **To what, where:** heart, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Judges 19:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, I, ye, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:557
# text = And he arose early in the morning on the fifth day to depart; and the damsel's father said: 'Stay thy heart, I pray thee, and tarry ye until the day declineth'; and they did eat, both of them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	fifth	fifth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	amod	_	_
11	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	depart	depart	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	damsel	damsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	's	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
22	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	_
23	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	20	ccomp	_	_
24	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	pray	pray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	parataxis	_	_
29	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	obj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	tarry	tarry	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
33	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nsubj	_	_
34	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
37	declineth	decline	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
38	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
41	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
42	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
45	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	41	appos	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nmod	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=decl, act=narrate, voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | father |  |  |  | day; morning | early *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **depart** | to-infinitive | father *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the damsel's father |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **stay** | infinitive |  | thy heart |  |  |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme heart=Location |
| 5 | **pray** | present | I | thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **tarry** | infinitive | ye |  |  |  |  |  | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **decline** | present | the day |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 8 | **eat** | past · do-support | servant |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם בַּבֹּ֜קֶר בַּיּ֣וֹם הַחֲמִישִׁי֮ לָלֶכֶת֒ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֲבִ֣י הַֽנַּעֲרָ֗ה סְעָד־נָא֙ לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ וְהִֽתְמַהְמְה֖וּ עַד־נְט֣וֹת הַיּ֑וֹם וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃

[Judges 19:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:557` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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