--- title: Judges 20:4 (JPS 1917) — And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was murdered, answered… · tree and pragmatics description: And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was murdered, answered and said: 'I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge. Who acts: Levite, I, Gibeah. Judges 20:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.583/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/20/) / [20:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.4/) / JPS 1 # Judges 20:4 · JPS 1917 And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was murdered, answered and said: 'I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge. **Who acts:** Levite, I, Gibeah · **What happens:** murder, answer, say, come, belong, lodge · **To what, where:** woman, Gibeah, Benjamin · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Judges 20:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Levite, I, Gibeah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:583 # text = And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was murdered, answered and said: 'I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 Levite Levite PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 husband husband NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 appos _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 murdered murder VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 acl:relcl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 14 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 18 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ _ 19 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 ccomp _ _ 21 into into ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Gibeah Gibeah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 nsubj _ _ 24 belongeth belong VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 Benjamin Benjamin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 appos _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 concubine concubine NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 to to PART TO _ 34 mark _ _ 34 lodge lodge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 advcl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **murder** | past · passive | | the woman | | | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the Levite | | | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Levite *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **come** | past | I | | | Gibeah | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into gibeah=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **belong** | present | Gibeah | | Benjamin | | | | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **lodge** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיַּ֜עַן הָאִ֣ישׁ הַלֵּוִ֗י אִ֛ישׁ הָאִשָּׁ֥ה הַנִּרְצָחָ֖ה וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַגִּבְעָ֙תָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְבִנְיָמִ֔ן בָּ֛אתִי אֲנִ֥י וּפִֽילַגְשִׁ֖י לָלֽוּן׃ [Judges 20:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:583` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 20:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.582/) - next →: [Judges 20:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.584/) - ↑ back to [Judges 20:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.4/)