---
title: Judges 20:45 (JPS 1917) — And they turned and fled toward the wilderness unto the rock of Rimm… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they turned and fled toward the wilderness unto the rock of Rimmon; and they gleaned of them in the highways five thousand men; and followed hard after them unto Gidom, and smote of them two thousand men. Who acts: Benjamites. Judges 20:45 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# Judges 20:45 · JPS 1917

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And they turned and fled toward the wilderness unto the rock of Rimmon; and they gleaned of them in the highways five thousand men; and followed hard after them unto Gidom, and smote of them two thousand men.

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**Who acts:** Benjamites · **What happens:** turn, flee, glean, follow, smote · **To what, where:** wilderness, thousand men, highways

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This is Judges 20:45 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Benjamites), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:625
# text = And they turned and fled toward the wilderness unto the rock of Rimmon; and they gleaned of them in the highways five thousand men; and followed hard after them unto Gidom, and smote of them two thousand men.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Rimmon	Rimmon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	gleaned	glean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	highways	highway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
23	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
29	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	28	advmod	_	_
30	after	after	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obl	_	_
32	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Gidom	Gidom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	smote	smote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obl	_	_
39	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	40	compound	_	_
40	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	41	nummod	_	_
41	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obj	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | Benjamites *= benjamite* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **flee** | past | Benjamites *= benjamite* *not said here* |  |  | the wilderness |  | unto the rock of Rimmon | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme toward wilderness=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **glean** | past | Benjamites *= benjamite* | thousand men |  | the highways |  | of backs *= back* | vn learn-14-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Topic |
| 4 | **follow** | past | Benjamites *= benjamite* *not said here* |  |  |  | after Benjamites *= benjamite* | unto Gidom; hard *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent after they=Theme |
| 5 | **smote** | past | Benjamites *= benjamite* *not said here* | thousand men |  |  |  | of Benjamites *= benjamite* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּפְנ֞וּ וַיָּנֻ֤סוּ הַמִּדְבָּ֙רָה֙ אֶל־סֶ֣לַע הָֽרִמּ֔וֹן וַיְעֹֽלְלֻ֙הוּ֙ בַּֽמְסִלּ֔וֹת חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִ֑ישׁ וַיַּדְבִּ֤יקוּ אַחֲרָיו֙ עַד־גִּדְעֹ֔ם וַיַּכּ֥וּ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ אַלְפַּ֥יִם אִֽישׁ׃

[Judges 20:45: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.20.45/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:625` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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