--- title: Judges 3:4 (JPS 1917) — And they were there, to prove Israel by them, to know whether they w… · tree and pragmatics description: And they were there, to prove Israel by them, to know whether they would hearken unto the commandments of the LORD, which He commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses. Who acts: Hivites, LORD. Judges 3:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.64/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/3/) / [3:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.4/) / JPS 1 # Judges 3:4 · JPS 1917 And they were there, to prove Israel by them, to know whether they would hearken unto the commandments of the LORD, which He commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses. **Who acts:** Hivites, LORD · **What happens:** be, prove, know, hearken, command · **To what, where:** Israel, commandments, fathers, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Judges 3:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hivites, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JDG:64 # text = And they were there, to prove Israel by them, to know whether they would hearken unto the commandments of the LORD, which He commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 prove prove VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 advcl _ _ 8 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 9 by by ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 14 whether whether SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 16 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 hearken hearken VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 ccomp _ _ 18 unto unto ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 commandments commandment NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 obj _ _ 26 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 commanded command VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ _ 28 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 fathers father NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 iobj _ _ 30 by by ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 Moses Moses PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | Hivites | | | | | there *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **prove** | to-infinitive | Hivites *not said here* | Israel | | | | by Hivites | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent israel=Theme | | 3 | **know** | to-infinitive | Hivites *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **hearken** | would | Hivites | | | | | unto the commandments of the LORD | tree rules | | 5 | **command** | past | LORD | the commandments of the LORD | Hivites's fathers | | | by the hand of Moses | tree rules | | 6 | **command** | | | the LORD | | | | | nom commandment «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַֽיִּהְי֕וּ לְנַסּ֥וֹת בָּ֖ם אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל לָדַ֗עַת הֲיִשְׁמְעוּ֙ אֶת־מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֖ם בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ [Judges 3:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:64` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Judges 3:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.63/) - next →: [Judges 3:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.65/) - ↑ back to [Judges 3:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.4/)