---
title: Judges 3:19 (JPS 1917) — But he himself turned back from the quarries that were by Gilgal, an… · tree and pragmatics
description: But he himself turned back from the quarries that were by Gilgal, and said: 'I have a secret errand unto thee, O king.' And he said: 'Keep silence.' And all that stood by him went out from him. Who acts: LORD, quarries, I, all. Judges 3:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.80/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/3/) / [3:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.19/) / JPS 1

# Judges 3:19 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But he himself turned back from the quarries that were by Gilgal, and said: 'I have a secret errand unto thee, O king.' And he said: 'Keep silence.' And all that stood by him went out from him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, quarries, I, all · **What happens:** turn back, be, say, have, keep, stand · **To what, where:** quarries, secret errand, silence · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Judges 3:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, quarries, I, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:80
# text = But he himself turned back from the quarries that were by Gilgal, and said: 'I have a secret errand unto thee, O king.' And he said: 'Keep silence.' And all that stood by him went out from him.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	2	nmod	_	_
4	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	quarries	quarry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Gilgal	Gilgal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	errand	errand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	27	discourse	_	_
27	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	vocative	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
29	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
30	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
33	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
34	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	35	punct	_	_
35	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	ccomp	_	_
36	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	_
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	35	punct	_	_
38	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	35	punct	_	_
39	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
40	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	45	nsubj	_	_
41	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	42	nsubj	_	_
42	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	acl:relcl	_	_
43	by	by	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	obl	_	_
45	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
46	out	out	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
47	from	from	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	obl	_	_
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed act=narrate, voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn back** | past | LORD |  |  | the quarries |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from quarry=Source |
| 2 | **is** | past | the quarries |  |  |  |  | by Gilgal | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  | king *vocative* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **have** | present | I | a secret errand |  |  |  | unto thee | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent errand=Patient |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **keep** | infinitive |  | silence |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silence=Theme |
| 7 | **stand** | past |  |  |  |  |  | by LORD | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by he=Location |
| 8 | **go out** | past | all |  |  |  |  | from LORD; out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְה֣וּא שָׁ֗ב מִן־הַפְּסִילִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶת־הַגִּלְגָּ֔ל וַיֹּ֕אמֶר דְּבַר־סֵ֥תֶר לִ֛י אֵלֶ֖יךָ הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הָ֔ס וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ מֵֽעָלָ֔יו כָּל־הָעֹמְדִ֖ים עָלָֽיו׃

[Judges 3:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.19/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:80` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Judges 3:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.79/)
- next →: [Judges 3:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.81/)
- ↑ back to [Judges 3:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.3.19/)