---
title: Judges 1:10 (JPS 1917) — And Judah went against the Canaanites that dwelt in Hebron — now the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Judah went against the Canaanites that dwelt in Hebron — now the name of Hebron beforetime was Kiriath-arba — and they smote Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai. Who acts: Judah, Canaanites, name, children. Judges 1:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 1:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Judah went against the Canaanites that dwelt in Hebron — now the name of Hebron beforetime was Kiriath-arba — and they smote Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Judah, Canaanites, name, children · **What happens:** go, dwell, be, smite, name · **To what, where:** Canaanites, Hebron, Kiriath arba, Sheshai

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Judges 1:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Judah, Canaanites, name, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:9
# text = And Judah went against the Canaanites that dwelt in Hebron — now the name of Hebron beforetime was Kiriath-arba — and they smote Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Canaanites	canaanite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Hebron	Hebron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
12	now	now	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Hebron	Hebron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	beforetime	beforetime	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	Kiriath	Kiriath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	_
21	arba	arba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
22	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
26	Sheshai	Sheshai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	Ahiman	Ahiman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	Talmai	Talmai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Judah |  |  | the Canaanites |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme against canaanite=Location |
| 2 | **dwell** | past | the Canaanites |  |  | Hebron |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hebron=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the name of Hebron | Kiriath arba |  |  | now | beforetime *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **smite** | past | children *= child* | Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sheshai=Experiencer |
| 5 | **name** |  |  | Hebron |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֗ה אֶל־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ הַיּוֹשֵׁ֣ב בְּחֶבְר֔וֹן וְשֵׁם־חֶבְר֥וֹן לְפָנִ֖ים קִרְיַ֣ת אַרְבַּ֑ע קִרְיַ֣ת אַרְבַּ֑ע וַיַּכּ֛וּ אֶת־שֵׁשַׁ֥י וְאֶת־אֲחִימַ֖ן וְאֶת־תַּלְמָֽי׃

[Judges 1:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.1.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:9` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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