---
title: Judges 4:3 (JPS 1917) — And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD; for he had nine hund… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD; for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel. Who acts: children, LORD. Judges 4:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Judges 4:3 · JPS 1917

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And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD; for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel.

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**Who acts:** children, LORD · **What happens:** cry, have, oppress · **To what, where:** hundred chariots, children

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This is Judges 4:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JDG:97
# text = And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD; for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
14	nine	nine	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
21	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl:unmarked	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	mightily	mightily	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	oppressed	oppress	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate, voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the children of Israel |  |  |  |  | unto the LORD | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | past | LORD | hundred chariots of iron |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chariot=Patient |
| 3 | **oppress** | past | LORD | the children of Israel |  |  | year | mightily *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֠י תְּשַׁ֨ע מֵא֤וֹת רֶֽכֶב־בַּרְזֶל֙ ל֔וֹ וְ֠הוּא לָחַ֞ץ אֶת־בְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּחָזְקָ֖ה עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ס

[Judges 4:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JDG:97` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Judges 4:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.96/)
- next →: [Judges 4:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.98/)
- ↑ back to [Judges 4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.4.3/)