---
title: Jeremiah 36:31 (JPS 1917) — And I will visit upon him and his seed and his servants their iniqui… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I will visit upon him and his seed and his servants their iniquity; and I will bring upon them, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and upon the men of Judah, all the evil that I have pronounced against them, but they hearkened not.' Who acts: I, inhabitants. Jeremiah 36:31 in JPS 1917 with i
---

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# Jeremiah 36:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I will visit upon him and his seed and his servants their iniquity; and I will bring upon them, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and upon the men of Judah, all the evil that I have pronounced against them, but they hearkened not.'

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**Who acts:** I, inhabitants · **What happens:** visit, bring, pronounce, not hearken · **To what, where:** evil

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 36:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1019
# text = And I will visit upon him and his seed and his servants their iniquity; and I will bring upon them, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and upon the men of Judah, all the evil that I have pronounced against them, but they hearkened not.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	visit	visit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
20	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	39	det:predet	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	appos	_	_
40	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	43	obj	_	_
41	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
42	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	pronounced	pronounce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	39	acl:relcl	_	_
44	against	against	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obl	_	_
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
47	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
48	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
49	hearkened	hearken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
50	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	49	advmod	_	_
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
52	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | future | I |  |  |  |  | upon LORD | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bring** | future | I |  |  |  |  | upon iniquity; upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem and the men of Judah | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pronounce** | present · perfect | I | all evil |  |  |  | against inhabitants *= inhabitant* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **hearken** | past | inhabitants *= inhabitant* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י עָלָ֧יו וְעַל־זַרְע֛וֹ וְעַל־עֲבָדָ֖יו אֶת־עֲוֺנָ֑ם וְהֵבֵאתִ֣י עֲ֠לֵיהֶם וְעַל־יֹשְׁבֵ֨י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם וְאֶל־אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֗ה אֵ֧ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֛ה אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א שָׁמֵֽעוּ׃ס

[Jeremiah 36:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1019` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Jeremiah 36:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1018/)
- next →: [Jeremiah 36:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1020/)
- ↑ back to [Jeremiah 36:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.36.31/)