---
title: Jeremiah 4:7 (JPS 1917) — A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations is se… · tree and pragmatics
description: A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations is set out, gone forth from his place; to make thy land desolate, that thy cities be laid waste, without inhabitant. Jeremiah 4:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 4:7 · JPS 1917

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A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations is set out, gone forth from his place; to make thy land desolate, that thy cities be laid waste, without inhabitant.

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**What happens:** go up, set out, go, make, lay · **To what, where:** lion, thicket, destroyer, place, land, cities

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This is Jeremiah 4:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:104
# text = A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations is set out, gone forth from his place; to make thy land desolate, that thy cities be laid waste, without inhabitant.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	thicket	thicket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	destroyer	destroyer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
20	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	_
27	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	desolate	desolate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	xcomp	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
32	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nsubj:pass	_	_
34	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	advcl	_	_
36	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	xcomp	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	without	without	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	inhabitant	inhabitant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | present · passive |  | a lion |  | lion's thicket |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: subject=Extent from thicket=Initial\_State |
| 2 | **set out** | present · passive |  | a destroyer of nations |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | participle |  |  |  | lion's place |  | forth *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from place=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | thy land |  |  |  | desolate *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset land=Product |
| 5 | **lay** | infinitive · passive |  | thy cities |  |  |  | without inhabitant | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
עָלָ֤ה אַרְיֵה֙ מִֽסֻּבְּכ֔וֹ וּמַשְׁחִ֣ית גּוֹיִ֔ם נָסַ֖ע יָצָ֣א מִמְּקֹמ֑וֹ לָשׂ֤וּם אַרְצֵךְ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה עָרַ֥יִךְ תִּצֶּ֖ינָה מֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵֽׁב׃

[Jeremiah 4:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.4.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:104` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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