---
title: Jeremiah 38:18 (JPS 1917) — but if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then… · tree and pragmatics
description: but if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.' Who acts: thou, princes. Jeremiah 38:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Jeremiah 38:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
but if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.'

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**Who acts:** thou, princes · **What happens:** not go, give, burn, not escape · **To what, where:** city, hand

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 38:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, princes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1061
# text = but if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon's princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.'
1	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	nsubj	_	_
4	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
7	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
16	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	21	advmod	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
18	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
22	into	into	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Chaldeans	Chaldeans	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
38	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	41	nsubj	_	_
39	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
40	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	41	advmod	_	_
41	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
42	out	out	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	45	nmod:poss	_	_
45	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
47	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **go** *a condition, not said to happen* | future | thou |  |  |  |  | of the king's princes; forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme of prince=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **give** | shall · passive |  | this city |  | the hand of the Chaldeans | then |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **burn** | shall | princes *= prince* | city |  |  |  | with fire | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with fire=Instrument |
| 4 | **not** **escape** | shall | thou |  |  | princes's hand |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out hand=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְאִ֣ם לֹֽא־תֵצֵ֗א אֶל־שָׂרֵי֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל וְנִתְּנָ֞ה הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ בְּיַ֣ד הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים וּשְׂרָפ֖וּהָ בָּאֵ֑שׁ וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹֽא־תִמָּלֵ֥ט מִיָּדָֽם׃ס

[Jeremiah 38:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1061` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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