--- title: Jeremiah 38:19 (JPS 1917) — And Zedekiah the king said unto Jeremiah: 'I am afraid of the Jews t… · tree and pragmatics description: And Zedekiah the king said unto Jeremiah: 'I am afraid of the Jews that are fallen away to the Chaldeans, lest they deliver me into their hand, and they mock me.' Who acts: Zedekiah, I, Chaldeans. Jeremiah 38:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1062/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/38/) / [38:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.19/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 38:19 · JPS 1917 And Zedekiah the king said unto Jeremiah: 'I am afraid of the Jews that are fallen away to the Chaldeans, lest they deliver me into their hand, and they mock me.' **Who acts:** Zedekiah, I, Chaldeans · **What happens:** say, be, fall away, deliver, mock · **To what, where:** Jews, me, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 38:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zedekiah, I, Chaldeans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:1062 # text = And Zedekiah the king said unto Jeremiah: 'I am afraid of the Jews that are fallen away to the Chaldeans, lest they deliver me into their hand, and they mock me.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 2 Zedekiah Zedekiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 5 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 unto unto ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Jeremiah Jeremiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 5 punct _ _ 9 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 10 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 11 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 12 afraid afraid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 ccomp _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 Jews Jew PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 16 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nsubj:pass _ _ 17 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 fallen fall VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 acl:relcl _ _ 19 away away ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 Chaldeans chaldean PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 lest lest SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 25 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 deliver deliver VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 advcl _ _ 27 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 into into ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 mock mock VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 35 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ 37 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Zedekiah | | | | | unto Jeremiah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | I | | | | | of the Jews; afraid *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **fall away** | present · passive | | the Jews | | | | to the Chaldeans *result*; away *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: subject=Extent to chaldean=Result | | 4 | **deliver** | present | Chaldeans *= chaldean* | me | | Chaldeans's hand | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient | | 5 | **mock** | present | Chaldeans *= chaldean* | me | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֛אמֶר הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֑הוּ אֲנִ֧י דֹאֵ֣ג אֶת־הַיְּהוּדִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָֽפְלוּ֙ אֶל־הַכַּשְׂדִּ֔ים פֶּֽן־יִתְּנ֥וּ אֹתִ֛י בְּיָדָ֖ם וְהִתְעַלְּלוּ־בִֽי׃פ [Jeremiah 38:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.19/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1062` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 38:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1061/) - next →: [Jeremiah 38:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1063/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 38:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.38.19/)