--- title: Jeremiah 40:15 (JPS 1917) — Then Johanan the son of Kareah spoke to Gedaliah in Mizpah secretly,… · tree and pragmatics description: Then Johanan the son of Kareah spoke to Gedaliah in Mizpah secretly, saying: 'Let me go, I pray thee, and I will slay Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and no man shall know it; wherefore should he take thy life, that all the Jews that are gathered unto thee should be scattered, and the remnant of Judah --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1108/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/40/) / [40:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.40.15/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 40:15 · JPS 1917 Then Johanan the son of Kareah spoke to Gedaliah in Mizpah secretly, saying: 'Let me go, I pray thee, and I will slay Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and no man shall know it; wherefore should he take thy life, that all the Jews that are gathered unto thee should be scattered, and the remnant of Judah perish?' **Who acts:** Johanan, me, I, man, Gedaliah, remnant · **What happens:** speak, say, let, go, pray, slay · **To what, where:** Gedaliah, Mizpah, me, thee, Ishmael, life · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 40:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Johanan, me, I, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:1108 # text = Then Johanan the son of Kareah spoke to Gedaliah in Mizpah secretly, saying: 'Let me go, I pray thee, and I will slay Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and no man shall know it; wherefore should he take thy life, that all the Jews that are gathered unto thee should be scattered, and the remnant of Judah perish?' 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 7 advmod _ _ 2 Johanan Johanan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Kareah Kareah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 spoke speak VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 to to ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Gedaliah Gedaliah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 Mizpah Mizpah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 12 secretly secretly ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 16 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ _ 17 Let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 ccomp _ _ 18 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ _ 19 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 xcomp _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 pray pray VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 parataxis _ _ 23 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 22 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 26 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 slay slay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 conj _ _ 29 Ishmael Ishmael PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 appos _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Nethaniah Nethaniah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 36 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 37 det _ _ 37 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ _ 38 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 conj _ _ 40 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obj _ _ 41 ; ; PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 42 wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 45 advmod _ _ 43 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 45 aux _ _ 44 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 45 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 parataxis _ _ 46 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 47 nmod:poss _ _ 47 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obj _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 49 that that SCONJ IN _ 60 mark _ _ 50 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 52 det:predet _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 Jews Jew PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 60 nsubj:pass _ _ 53 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 55 nsubj:pass _ _ 54 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 55 aux:pass _ _ 55 gathered gather VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 52 acl:relcl _ _ 56 unto unto ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 57 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 55 obl _ _ 58 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 60 aux _ _ 59 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 60 aux:pass _ _ 60 scattered scatter VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 45 advcl _ _ 61 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct _ _ 62 and and CCONJ CC _ 67 cc _ _ 63 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 64 det _ _ 64 remnant remnant NOUN NN Number=Sing 67 nsubj _ _ 65 of of ADP IN _ 66 case _ _ 66 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 64 nmod _ _ 67 perish perish VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 60 conj _ _ 68 ? ? PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ 69 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Johanan | | Gedaliah | Mizpah | then | secretly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to gedaliah=Co-Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Johanan *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **let** | infinitive | | me | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **go** | infinitive | me *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **pray** | present | I | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **slay** | future | I | Ishmael | | | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ishmael=Patient | | 7 | **know** | shall | no man | life | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | | 8 | **take** | should | Gedaliah | thy life | | | | wherefore *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | | 9 | **gather** | present · passive | | all Jews | | | | unto thee | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 10 | **scatter** | should · passive | | all Jews | | | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination | | 11 | **perish** | infinitive | the remnant of Judah | | | | | | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְיוֹחָנָ֣ן בֶּן־קָרֵ֡חַ אָמַ֣ר אֶל־גְּדַלְיָהוּ֩ בַסֵּ֨תֶר בַּמִּצְפָּ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר אֵ֤לְכָה נָּא֙ וְאַכֶּה֙ אֶת־יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֔ה וְאִ֖ישׁ לֹ֣א יֵדָ֑ע לָ֧מָּה יַכֶּ֣כָּה נֶּ֗פֶשׁ וְנָפֹ֙צוּ֙ כָּל־יְהוּדָ֔ה הַנִּקְבָּצִ֣ים אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְאָבְדָ֖ה שְׁאֵרִ֥ית יְהוּדָֽה׃ [Jeremiah 40:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.40.15/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1108` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 40:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1107/) - next →: [Jeremiah 40:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1109/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 40:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.40.15/)