---
title: Jeremiah 41:9 (JPS 1917) — Now the pit wherein Ishmael cast all the dead bodies of the men whom… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the pit wherein Ishmael cast all the dead bodies of the men whom he had slain by the side of Gedaliah was that which Asa the king had made for fear of Baasa king of Israel; the same Ishmael the son of Nethaniah filled with them that were slain. Who acts: Ishmael, Nethaniah, pit, Asa. Jeremiah 41
---

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# Jeremiah 41:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now the pit wherein Ishmael cast all the dead bodies of the men whom he had slain by the side of Gedaliah was that which Asa the king had made for fear of Baasa king of Israel; the same Ishmael the son of Nethaniah filled with them that were slain.

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**Who acts:** Ishmael, Nethaniah, pit, Asa, same Ishmael · **What happens:** cast, slay, be, make, fill, slain · **To what, where:** dead bodies, men, that, Baasa king

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 41:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ishmael, Nethaniah, pit, Asa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1118
# text = Now the pit wherein Ishmael cast all the dead bodies of the men whom he had slain by the side of Gedaliah was that which Asa the king had made for fear of Baasa king of Israel; the same Ishmael the son of Nethaniah filled with them that were slain.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pit	pit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
4	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	obl	_	_
5	Ishmael	Ishmael	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	cast	cast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Gedaliah	Gedaliah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	0	root	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	obj	_	_
26	Asa	Asa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	_
29	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl:relcl	_	_
31	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	Baasa	Baasa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
38	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	46	punct	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	Ishmael	Ishmael	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	appos	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	Nethaniah	Nethaniah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	_
46	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	parataxis	_	_
47	with	with	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	46	obl	_	_
49	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	51	nsubj:pass	_	_
50	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	aux:pass	_	_
51	slain	slain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	48	acl:relcl	_	_
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast** | past | Ishmael | all dead bodies of the men |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Product |
| 2 | **slay** | past · perfect | Nethaniah | the men |  |  |  | by the side of Gedaliah | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the pit | that |  |  | now |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | past · perfect | Asa |  |  |  |  | for fear of Baasa king of Israel | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent which=Product for fear=Asset |
| 5 | **fill** | past | the same Ishmael |  |  |  |  | with men *= man* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with they=Instrument |
| 6 | **slain** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **fear** |  |  | Baasa king of Israel |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהַבּ֗וֹר אֲשֶׁר֩ הִשְׁלִ֨יךְ שָׁ֤ם יִשְׁמָעֵאל֙ אֵ֣ת ׀ כָּל־פִּגְרֵ֣י הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר הִכָּה֙ בְּיַד־גְּדַלְיָ֔הוּ ה֗וּא אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשָׂה֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אָסָ֔א מִפְּנֵ֖י בַּעְשָׁ֣א מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֹת֗וֹ מִלֵּ֛א יִשְׁמָעֵ֥אל בֶּן־נְתַנְיָ֖הוּ חֲלָלִֽים׃

[Jeremiah 41:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.41.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1118` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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