--- title: Jeremiah 46:5 (JPS 1917) — Wherefore do I see them dismayed and turned backward? and their migh… · tree and pragmatics description: Wherefore do I see them dismayed and turned backward? and their mighty ones are beaten down, and they are fled apace, and look not back; terror is on every side, saith the LORD. Who acts: I, spears, terror, LORD. Jeremiah 46:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1202/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/46/) / [46:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.5/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 46:5 · JPS 1917 Wherefore do I see them dismayed and turned backward? and their mighty ones are beaten down, and they are fled apace, and look not back; terror is on every side, saith the LORD. **Who acts:** I, spears, terror, LORD · **What happens:** see, dismay, turn, beat down, flee, not look back · **To what, where:** spears, mighty ones, side · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 46:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, spears, terror, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:1202 # text = Wherefore do I see them dismayed and turned backward? and their mighty ones are beaten down, and they are fled apace, and look not back; terror is on every side, saith the LORD. 1 Wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 2 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obj _ _ 6 dismayed dismay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 xcomp _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 turned turn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 conj _ _ 9 backward backward ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 12 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 13 mighty mighty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj:pass _ _ 15 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux:pass _ _ 16 beaten beat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 17 down down ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj:pass _ _ 21 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux:pass _ _ 22 fled flee VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 conj _ _ 23 apace apace ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 look look VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 27 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 26 advmod _ _ 28 back back ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 30 terror terror NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 31 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 32 on on ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 34 det _ _ 34 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 36 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 parataxis _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: other - act: express - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=other, act=express, indirect=0 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | present · do-support | I | spears *= spear* | | | | wherefore *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **dismay** | participle | spears *= spear* *not said here* | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **turn** | participle | spears *= spear* *not said here* | | | | | backward *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **beat down** | present · passive | | spears's mighty ones | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 5 | **flee** | present · passive | | spears *= spear* | | | | apace *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Initial\_Location | | 6 | **not** **look back** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 7 | **is** | present | terror | | | every side | | | tree rules | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} מַדּ֣וּעַ רָאִ֗יתִי הֵ֣מָּה חַתִּים֮ נְסֹגִ֣ים אָחוֹר֒ וְגִבּוֹרֵיהֶ֣ם יֻכַּ֔תּוּ וּמָנ֥וֹס נָ֖סוּ וְלֹ֣א הִפְנ֑וּ מָג֥וֹר מִסָּבִ֖יב נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ [Jeremiah 46:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.5/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1202` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 46:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1201/) - next →: [Jeremiah 46:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1203/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 46:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.5/)