---
title: Jeremiah 46:9 (JPS 1917) — Prance, ye horses, and rush madly, ye chariots; and let the mighty m… · tree and pragmatics
description: Prance, ye horses, and rush madly, ye chariots; and let the mighty men go forth: Cush and Put, that handle the shield, and the Ludim, that handle and bend the bow. Who acts: you, mighty men, Cush, Ludim. Jeremiah 46:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 46:9 · JPS 1917

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Prance, ye horses, and rush madly, ye chariots; and let the mighty men go forth: Cush and Put, that handle the shield, and the Ludim, that handle and bend the bow.

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**Who acts:** you, mighty men, Cush, Ludim · **What happens:** prance, rush, let, go, handle, bend · **To what, where:** mighty men, shield, bow

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 46:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, mighty men, Cush, Ludim), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1206
# text = Prance, ye horses, and rush madly, ye chariots; and let the mighty men go forth: Cush and Put, that handle the shield, and the Ludim, that handle and bend the bow.
1	Prance	prance	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	det	_	_
4	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	vocative	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	rush	rush	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
8	madly	madly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	det	_	_
11	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	vocative	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
18	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
19	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Cush	Cush	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	Put	Put	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	handle	handle	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	shield	shield	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	Ludim	Ludim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
34	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj	_	_
35	handle	handle	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	acl:relcl	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	bend	bend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	conj	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	bow	bow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prance** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ye horses *vocative* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rush** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ye chariots *vocative*; madly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the mighty men |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **go** | infinitive | the mighty men *not said here* |  |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **handle** | present | Cush and Put and the Ludim | the shield |  |  |  |  | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shield=Theme |
| 6 | **handle** | present | the Ludim |  |  |  |  |  | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **bend** | present | the Ludim *not said here* | the bow |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent bow=Material |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
עֲל֤וּ הַסּוּסִים֙ וְהִתְהֹלְל֣וּ הָרֶ֔כֶב וְיֵצְא֖וּ הַגִּבּוֹרִ֑ים כּ֤וּשׁ וּפוּט֙ תֹּפְשֵׂ֣י מָגֵ֔ן וְלוּדִ֕ים תֹּפְשֵׂ֖י דֹּ֥רְכֵי קָֽשֶׁת׃

[Jeremiah 46:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1206` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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