---
title: Jeremiah 46:12 (JPS 1917) — The nations have heard of thy shame, and the earth is full of thy cr… · tree and pragmatics
description: The nations have heard of thy shame, and the earth is full of thy cry; for the mighty man hath stumbled against the mighty, they are fallen both of them together. Who acts: nations, earth, mighty man, thy. Jeremiah 46:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 46:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nations have heard of thy shame, and the earth is full of thy cry; for the mighty man hath stumbled against the mighty, they are fallen both of them together.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** nations, earth, mighty man, thy · **What happens:** hear, be, stumble, fall, shame, cry · **To what, where:** mighty, nations

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This is Jeremiah 46:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nations, earth, mighty man, thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1209
# text = The nations have heard of thy shame, and the earth is full of thy cry; for the mighty man hath stumbled against the mighty, they are fallen both of them together.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
18	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
22	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	stumbled	stumble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	advcl	_	_
24	against	against	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	mighty	mighty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
28	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
31	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	30	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nmod	_	_
34	together	together	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | present · perfect | the nations |  |  |  |  | of thy shame | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of shame=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present | the earth |  |  |  |  | of thy cry; full *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **stumble** | present · perfect | the mighty man |  |  | the mighty |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against mighty=Trajectory |
| 4 | **fall** | present · passive |  | nations *= nation* |  |  |  | together *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **shame** |  | thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom shame «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
| 6 | **cry** |  | thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
שָׁמְע֤וּ גוֹיִם֙ קְלוֹנֵ֔ךְ וְצִוְחָתֵ֖ךְ מָלְאָ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּֽי־גִבּ֤וֹר בְּגִבּוֹר֙ כָּשָׁ֔לוּ יַחְדָּ֖יו נָפְל֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶֽם׃פ

[Jeremiah 46:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1209` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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