---
title: Jeremiah 46:21 (JPS 1917) — Also her mercenaries in the midst of her are like calves of the stal… · tree and pragmatics
description: Also her mercenaries in the midst of her are like calves of the stall, for they also are turned back, they are fled away together, they did not stand; for the day of their calamity is come upon them, the time of their visitation. Who acts: mercenaries. Jeremiah 46:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency 
---

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# Jeremiah 46:21 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Also her mercenaries in the midst of her are like calves of the stall, for they also are turned back, they are fled away together, they did not stand; for the day of their calamity is come upon them, the time of their visitation.

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**Who acts:** mercenaries · **What happens:** be, turn back, flee away, not stand, come, visit · **To what, where:** mercenaries, day

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 46:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mercenaries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1219
# text = Also her mercenaries in the midst of her are like calves of the stall, for they also are turned back, they are fled away together, they did not stand; for the day of their calamity is come upon them, the time of their visitation.
1	Also	also	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	mercenaries	mercenary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nmod	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	calves	calf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	stall	stall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	also	also	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	advcl	_	_
21	back	back	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	fled	flee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	parataxis	_	_
26	away	away	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	together	together	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
30	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
32	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	conj	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
34	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	calamity	calamity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
40	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux:pass	_	_
41	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	parataxis	_	_
42	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	obl	_	_
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl:unmarked	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	49	nmod:poss	_	_
49	visitation	visitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | heifer's mercenaries in the midst of heifer |  |  |  |  | like calves; of the stall | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn back** | present · passive |  | mercenaries *= mercenary* |  |  |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **flee away** | present · passive |  | mercenaries *= mercenary* |  |  |  | away, together *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **not** **stand** | past · do-support | mercenaries *= mercenary* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **come** | present · passive |  | the day of mercenaries's calamity |  |  | time | upon mercenaries *= mercenary* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 6 | **visit** |  | mercenaries *= mercenary* |  |  |  |  |  | nom visitation «event transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
גַּם־שְׂכִרֶ֤יהָ בְקִרְבָּהּ֙ כְּעֶגְלֵ֣י מַרְבֵּ֔ק כִּֽי־גַם־הֵ֧מָּה הִפְנ֛וּ נָ֥סוּ יַחְדָּ֖יו לֹ֣א עָמָ֑דוּ כִּ֣י י֥וֹם אֵידָ֛ם בָּ֥א עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם עֵ֥ת פְּקֻדָּתָֽם׃

[Jeremiah 46:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.46.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1219` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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