---
title: Jeremiah 48:1 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Woe unto Nebo! for… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Woe unto Nebo! for it is spoiled; Kiriathaim is put to shame, it is taken; Misgab is put to shame and dismayed. Who acts: LORD. Jeremiah 48:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 48:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Woe unto Nebo! for it is spoiled; Kiriathaim is put to shame, it is taken; Misgab is put to shame and dismayed.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** say, spoil, put, take, dismay · **To what, where:** it, Kiriathaim, Misgab · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 48:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1235
# text = Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Woe unto Nebo! for it is spoiled; Kiriathaim is put to shame, it is taken; Misgab is put to shame and dismayed.
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	Woe	woe	INTJ	UH	_	2	ccomp	_	_
14	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Nebo	Nebo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
17	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	Kiriathaim	Kiriathaim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	conj	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
32	Misgab	Misgab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux:pass	_	_
34	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	dismayed	dismay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	conj	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **spoil** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **put** | present · passive |  | Kiriathaim |  |  |  | to shame | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |
| 4 | **take** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **put** | present · passive |  | Misgab |  |  |  | to shame | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |
| 6 | **dismay** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לְמוֹאָ֡ב כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל ה֤וֹי אֶל־נְבוֹ֙ כִּ֣י שֻׁדָּ֔דָה הֹבִ֥ישָׁה נִלְכְּדָ֖ה קִרְיָתָ֑יִם הֹבִ֥ישָׁה הַמִּשְׂגָּ֖ב וָחָֽתָּה׃

[Jeremiah 48:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1235` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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