---
title: Jeremiah 48:8 (JPS 1917) — And the spoiler shall come upon every city, and no city shall escape… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the spoiler shall come upon every city, and no city shall escape; the valley also shall perish, and the plain shall be destroyed; as the LORD hath spoken. Who acts: spoiler, city, valley, LORD. Jeremiah 48:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 48:8 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the spoiler shall come upon every city, and no city shall escape; the valley also shall perish, and the plain shall be destroyed; as the LORD hath spoken.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** spoiler, city, valley, LORD · **What happens:** come, escape, perish, destroy, speak · **To what, where:** city, plain · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 48:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spoiler, city, valley, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1242
# text = And the spoiler shall come upon every city, and no city shall escape; the valley also shall perish, and the plain shall be destroyed; as the LORD hath spoken.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	spoiler	spoiler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	_	5	aux	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	_	14	aux	_	_
14	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	also	also	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	shall	shall	AUX	MD	_	20	aux	_	_
20	perish	perish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	plain	plain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	shall	shall	AUX	MD	_	27	aux	_	_
26	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
29	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
32	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | shall | the spoiler |  |  | every city |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon city=Location |
| 2 | **escape** | shall | no city |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **perish** | shall | the valley |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **destroy** | shall · passive |  | the plain |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · perfect | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְיָבֹ֨א שֹׁדֵ֜ד אֶל־כָּל־עִ֗יר וְעִיר֙ לֹ֣א תִמָּלֵ֔ט וְאָבַ֥ד הָעֵ֖מֶק וְנִשְׁמַ֣ד הַמִּישֹׁ֑ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃

[Jeremiah 48:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1242` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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