--- title: Jeremiah 48:34 (JPS 1917) — From the cry of Heshbon even unto Elealeh, even unto Jahaz have they… · tree and pragmatics description: From the cry of Heshbon even unto Elealeh, even unto Jahaz have they uttered their voice, from Zoar even unto Horonaim, a heifer of three years old; for the Waters of Nimrim also shall be desolate. Who acts: gladness, Waters, Heshbon. Jeremiah 48:34 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1270/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/48/) / [48:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.34/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 48:34 · JPS 1917 From the cry of Heshbon even unto Elealeh, even unto Jahaz have they uttered their voice, from Zoar even unto Horonaim, a heifer of three years old; for the Waters of Nimrim also shall be desolate. **Who acts:** gladness, Waters, Heshbon · **What happens:** utter, be, cry · **To what, where:** voice, cry, Zoar This is Jeremiah 48:34 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gladness, Waters, Heshbon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:1270 # text = From the cry of Heshbon even unto Elealeh, even unto Jahaz have they uttered their voice, from Zoar even unto Horonaim, a heifer of three years old; for the Waters of Nimrim also shall be desolate. 1 From from ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 cry cry NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Heshbon Heshbon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 even even ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 7 unto unto ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Elealeh Elealeh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 10 even even ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 11 unto unto ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 Jahaz Jahaz PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 13 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 14 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 uttered utter VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 16 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 from from ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 Zoar Zoar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 21 even even ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 22 unto unto ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 Horonaim Horonaim PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 heifer heifer NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 appos _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 29 nummod _ _ 29 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl:unmarked _ _ 30 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 31 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 32 for for SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 Waters water PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 40 nsubj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 Nimrim Nimrim PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 37 also also ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 38 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 39 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 40 cop _ _ 40 desolate desolate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 conj _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **utter** *speech: other* | present · perfect | gladness | gladness's voice | | the cry of Heshbon unto Elealeh unto Jahaz from Zoar unto Horonaim | | | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent voice=Topic | | 2 | **is** | shall | the Waters of Nimrim | | | | | desolate *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **cry** | | Heshbon | | | Zoar unto Horonaim | | unto Elealeh; unto Jahaz | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent unto=obl unto=obl from=place | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} מִזַּעֲקַ֨ת חֶשְׁבּ֜וֹן עַד־אֶלְעָלֵ֗ה עַד־יַ֙הַץ֙ נָתְנ֣וּ קוֹלָ֔ם מִצֹּ֙עַר֙ עַד־חֹ֣רֹנַ֔יִם עֶגְלַ֖ת שְׁלִֽשִׁיָּ֑ה עֶגְלַ֖ת שְׁלִֽשִׁיָּ֑ה כִּ֚י גַּם־מֵ֣י נִמְרִ֔ים לִמְשַׁמּ֖וֹת יִהְיֽוּ׃ [Jeremiah 48:34: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.34/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1270` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 48:33 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1269/) - next →: [Jeremiah 48:35 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1271/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 48:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.34/)