--- title: Jeremiah 48:39 (JPS 1917) — 'How is it broken down!' wail ye! 'How hath Moab turned the back wit… · tree and pragmatics description: 'How is it broken down!' wail ye! 'How hath Moab turned the back with shame!' So shall Moab become a derision and a dismay to all that are round about him. Who acts: ye, Moab. Jeremiah 48:39 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1275/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/48/) / [48:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.39/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 48:39 · JPS 1917 'How is it broken down!' wail ye! 'How hath Moab turned the back with shame!' So shall Moab become a derision and a dismay to all that are round about him. **Who acts:** ye, Moab · **What happens:** break down, wail, turn, become, be · **To what, where:** pleasure, back, derision This is Jeremiah 48:39 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, Moab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:1275 # text = 'How is it broken down!' wail ye! 'How hath Moab turned the back with shame!' So shall Moab become a derision and a dismay to all that are round about him. 1 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ _ 2 How how ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 broken break VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 ccomp _ _ 6 down down ADP RP _ 5 compound:prt _ _ 7 ! ! PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ 8 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ 9 wail wail VERB VBP Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 9 nsubj _ _ 11 ! ! PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ 12 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ 13 How how ADV WRB PronType=Int 16 advmod _ _ 14 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 Moab Moab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 turned turn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 parataxis _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 with with ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 shame shame NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 21 ! ! PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ 22 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ _ 23 So so ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 24 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 25 Moab Moab PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 become become VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 parataxis _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 derision derision NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 xcomp _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 dismay dismay NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 32 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 31 nmod _ _ 34 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 36 nsubj _ _ 35 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 36 round round ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 acl:relcl _ _ 37 about about ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: exclamation - act: express - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=express, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **break down** | present · passive | | pleasure | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **wail** | present | ye | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **turn** | present · perfect | Moab | the back | | | | with shame | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent back=Theme | | 4 | **become** | shall | Moab | a derision and a dismay to all | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **is** | present | | | | | | about LORD; round *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} אֵ֥יךְ חַ֙תָּה֙ הֵילִ֔ילוּ אֵ֛יךְ הִפְנָה־עֹ֥רֶף מוֹאָ֖ב בּ֑וֹשׁ וְהָיָ֥ה מוֹאָ֛ב לִשְׂחֹ֥ק וְלִמְחִתָּ֖ה לְכָל־סְבִיבָֽיו׃ס [Jeremiah 48:39: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.39/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1275` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 48:38 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1274/) - next →: [Jeremiah 48:40 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1276/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 48:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.39/)