---
title: Jeremiah 48:41 (JPS 1917) — The cities are taken, and the strongholds are seized, and the heart… · tree and pragmatics
description: The cities are taken, and the strongholds are seized, and the heart of the mighty men of Moab at that day shall be as the heart of a woman in her pangs. Who acts: heart. Jeremiah 48:41 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 48:41 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cities are taken, and the strongholds are seized, and the heart of the mighty men of Moab at that day shall be as the heart of a woman in her pangs.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** heart · **What happens:** take, seize, be · **To what, where:** cities, strongholds

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 48:41 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1277
# text = The cities are taken, and the strongholds are seized, and the heart of the mighty men of Moab at that day shall be as the heart of a woman in her pangs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	strongholds	stronghold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	seized	seize	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Moab	Moab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
24	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	cop	_	_
26	as	as	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	pangs	pang	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · passive |  | the cities |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **seize** | present · passive |  | the strongholds |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | shall | the heart of the mighty men of Moab at that day |  |  |  |  | as the heart; of a woman in Moab's pangs | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
נִלְכְּדָה֙ הַקְּרִיּ֔וֹת וְהַמְּצָד֖וֹת נִתְפָּ֑שָׂה וְֽ֠הָיָה לֵ֞ב גִּבּוֹרֵ֤י מוֹאָב֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא כְּלֵ֖ב אִשָּׁ֥ה מְצֵרָֽה׃

[Jeremiah 48:41: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.48.41/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1277` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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