---
title: Jeremiah 4:26 (JPS 1917) — I beheld, and, lo, the fruitful field was a wilderness, and all the… · tree and pragmatics
description: I beheld, and, lo, the fruitful field was a wilderness, and all the cities thereof were broken down at the presence of the LORD, and before His fierce anger. Who acts: I, fruitful field, LORD. Jeremiah 4:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 4:26 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I beheld, and, lo, the fruitful field was a wilderness, and all the cities thereof were broken down at the presence of the LORD, and before His fierce anger.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, fruitful field, LORD · **What happens:** behold, be, break down, anger · **To what, where:** wilderness, cities, presence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 4:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, fruitful field, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:128
# text = I beheld, and, lo, the fruitful field was a wilderness, and all the cities thereof were broken down at the presence of the LORD, and before His fierce anger.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	beheld	behold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	13	discourse	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	fruitful	fruitful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
16	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	18	det:predet	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
22	down	down	ADV	RP	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
31	before	before	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
33	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **behold** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the fruitful field | a wilderness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **break down** | past · passive |  | all cities |  | the presence of the LORD and LORD's fierce anger |  | down *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **anger** |  | LORD |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
רָאִ֕יתִי וְהִנֵּ֥ה הַכַּרְמֶ֖ל הַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וְכָל־עָרָ֗יו נִתְּצוּ֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י חֲר֥וֹן אַפּֽוֹ׃ס

[Jeremiah 4:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.4.26/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:128` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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