---
title: Jeremiah 49:1 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the LORD: Hath Israel no sons? · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus saith the LORD: Hath Israel no sons? Who acts: LORD, Israel. Jeremiah 49:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 49:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 4

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Thus saith the LORD: Hath Israel no sons?

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**Who acts:** LORD, Israel · **What happens:** say, son · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Jeremiah 49:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 4 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, Israel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1287
# text = Thus saith the LORD: Hath Israel no sons?
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	ccomp	_	_
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=q, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **son** | present | Israel |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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לִבְנֵ֣י עַמּ֗וֹן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הֲבָנִ֥ים אֵין֙ לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אִם־יוֹרֵ֖שׁ אֵ֣ין ל֑וֹ מַדּ֗וּעַ יָרַ֤שׁ מַלְכָּם֙ אֶת־גָּ֔ד וְעַמּ֖וֹ בְּעָרָ֥יו יָשָֽׁב׃

[Jeremiah 49:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.1/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [Of the children of Ammon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1286/)
2. **Thus saith the LORD: Hath Israel no sons?**
3. [Hath he no heir?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1288/)
4. [Why then doth Malcam take possession of Gad, and his people dwell in the cities thereof?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1289/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1287` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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