---
title: Jeremiah 49:19 (JPS 1917) — Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan against the strong habitation; for I will suddenly make him run away from it, and whoso is chosen, him will I appoint over it; for who is like Me? and who will appoint Me a time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before Me? 
---

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# Jeremiah 49:19 · JPS 1917

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Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan against the strong habitation; for I will suddenly make him run away from it, and whoso is chosen, him will I appoint over it; for who is like Me? and who will appoint Me a time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before Me?

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**Who acts:** LORD, I, shepherd · **What happens:** come up, make, run away, choose, appoint, be · **To what, where:** thickets, LORD, habitation, whoso, Me, shepherd

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This is Jeremiah 49:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, shepherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1309
# text = Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the thickets of the Jordan against the strong habitation; for I will suddenly make him run away from it, and whoso is chosen, him will I appoint over it; for who is like Me? and who will appoint Me a time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before Me?
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	thickets	thicket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	against	against	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	habitation	habitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
28	away	away	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
29	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
33	whoso	whoso	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj:pass	_	_
34	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	37	acl:relcl	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
37	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	obj	_	_
38	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
39	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
40	appoint	appoint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	conj	_	_
41	over	over	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	obl	_	_
43	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	48	punct	_	_
44	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	48	mark	_	_
45	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	48	nsubj	_	_
46	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	48	cop	_	_
47	like	like	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	40	advcl	_	_
49	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	48	punct	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
51	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	53	nsubj	_	_
52	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	53	aux	_	_
53	appoint	appoint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	48	conj	_	_
54	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	53	iobj	_	_
55	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obj	_	_
57	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	53	punct	_	_
58	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	62	cc	_	_
59	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	62	nsubj	_	_
60	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	62	cop	_	_
61	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	62	det	_	_
62	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	conj	_	_
63	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	65	nsubj	_	_
64	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	65	aux	_	_
65	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	62	acl:relcl	_	_
66	before	before	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
67	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	65	obl	_	_
68	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	62	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come up** | shall | LORD |  |  | the thickets of the Jordan |  | like a lion; against the strong habitation | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from thicket=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **make** | future | I | LORD |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **run away** | infinitive | LORD *not said here* |  |  | habitation |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from it=Trajectory |
| 4 | **choose** | present · passive |  | whoso |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **appoint** | future | I | LORD |  | habitation |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | like Me | tree rules |
| 7 | **appoint** | future |  |  | Me |  | time |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 8 | **is a** | present |  | that shepherd |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **stand** | future | that shepherd |  |  |  | before Me |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before i=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הִ֠נֵּה כְּאַרְיֵ֞ה יַעֲלֶ֨ה מִגְּא֣וֹן הַיַּרְדֵּן֮ אֶל־נְוֵ֣ה אֵיתָן֒ כִּֽי־אַרְגִּ֤יעָה אֲרִיצֶ֨נּוּ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ וּמִ֥י בָח֖וּר אֵלֶ֣יהָ אֶפְקֹ֑ד כִּ֣י מִ֤י כָמ֙וֹנִי֙ וּמִ֣י יֹעִידֶ֔נִּי וּמִי־זֶ֣ה רֹעֶ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַעֲמֹ֖ד לְפָנָֽי׃ס

[Jeremiah 49:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1309` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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