--- title: Jeremiah 49:24 (JPS 1917) — Damascus is waxed feeble, she turneth herself to flee, and trembling… · tree and pragmatics description: Damascus is waxed feeble, she turneth herself to flee, and trembling hath seized on her; anguish and pangs have taken hold of her, as of a woman in travail. Who acts: Damascus, trembling, anguish. Jeremiah 49:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1314/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/49/) / [49:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.24/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 49:24 · JPS 1917 Damascus is waxed feeble, she turneth herself to flee, and trembling hath seized on her; anguish and pangs have taken hold of her, as of a woman in travail. **Who acts:** Damascus, trembling, anguish · **What happens:** be, turn, flee, seize, take, hold · **To what, where:** Damascus, hold This is Jeremiah 49:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Damascus, trembling, anguish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:1314 # text = Damascus is waxed feeble, she turneth herself to flee, and trembling hath seized on her; anguish and pangs have taken hold of her, as of a woman in travail. 1 Damascus Damascus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 waxed wax ADJ JJ _ 0 root _ _ 4 feeble feeble ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 xcomp _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 turneth turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 8 herself herself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 7 obj _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 flee flee VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 trembling trembling NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 14 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 seized seize VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 conj _ _ 16 on on ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 19 anguish anguish NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 pangs pang NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 conj _ _ 22 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 24 hold hold NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 as as ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 31 case _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 28 fixed _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 travail travail NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: changed polarity=neg | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Damascus | | | | | feeble, wax *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **turn** | present | Damascus | Damascus | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent herself=Theme | | 3 | **flee** | to-infinitive | Damascus *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **seize** | present · perfect | trembling | | | | | on Damascus | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **take** | present · perfect | anguish and pangs | hold of Damascus | | | | as a woman in travail | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent hold=Theme as woman=Attribute | | 6 | **hold** | | | Damascus | | | | | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} רָפְתָ֥ה דַמֶּ֛שֶׂק הִפְנְתָ֥ה לָנ֖וּס וְרֶ֣טֶט ׀ הֶחֱזִ֑יקָה צָרָ֧ה וַחֲבָלִ֛ים אֲחָזַ֖תָּה כַּיּוֹלֵדָֽה׃ [Jeremiah 49:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.24/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1314` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 49:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1313/) - next →: [Jeremiah 49:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1315/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 49:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.24/)