--- title: Jeremiah 49:37 (JPS 1917) — And I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies, and befor… · tree and pragmatics description: And I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies, and before them that seek their life; and I will bring evil upon them, even My fierce anger, saith the LORD; and I will send the sword after them, till I have consumed them; Who acts: I, Elam, LORD, My. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Elam, LORD, My), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:1328 # text = And I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies, and before them that seek their life; and I will bring evil upon them, even My fierce anger, saith the LORD; and I will send the sword after them, till I have consumed them; 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 cause cause VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 Elam Elam PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 7 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 dismayed dismay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 xcomp _ _ 9 before before ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 enemies enemy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 before before ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 conj _ _ 16 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 17 nsubj _ _ 17 seek seek VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl _ _ 18 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 23 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 25 evil evil NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 26 upon upon ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 even even ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 30 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 31 fierce fierce ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 anger anger NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 appos _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 parataxis _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 37 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 40 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 send send VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ _ 44 after after ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 45 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 obl _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 47 till till SCONJ IN _ 50 mark _ _ 48 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 50 nsubj _ _ 49 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 50 aux _ _ 50 consumed consume VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 41 advcl _ _ 51 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 obj _ _ 52 ; ; PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cause** | future | I | Elam | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **dismay** | to-infinitive · passive | Elam *not said here* | | | | before winds's enemies | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | | 3 | **seek** | present | | winds's life | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | | 4 | **bring** | future | I | evil | | | | upon winds *= wind* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent evil=Theme | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **send** | future | I | the sword | | | after winds *= wind* | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme | | 7 | **consume** | present · perfect | I | winds *= wind* | | | | | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Asset | | 8 | **anger** | | My | | | | | | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהַחְתַּתִּ֣י אֶת־עֵ֠ילָם לִפְנֵ֨י אֹיְבֵיהֶ֜ם וְלִפְנֵ֣י ׀ מְבַקְשֵׁ֣י נַפְשָׁ֗ם וְהֵבֵאתִ֨י עֲלֵיהֶ֧ם ׀ רָעָ֛ה אֶת־חֲר֥וֹן אַפִּ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֤י אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙ אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב עַ֥ד כַּלּוֹתִ֖י אוֹתָֽם׃ [Jeremiah 49:37: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.37/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1328` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 49:36 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1327/) - next →: [Jeremiah 49:38 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.1329/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 49:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.49.37/)