---
title: Jeremiah 50:16 (JPS 1917) — Cut off the sower from Babylon, and him that handleth the sickle in… · tree and pragmatics
description: Cut off the sower from Babylon, and him that handleth the sickle in the time of harvest; For fear of the oppressing sword they shall turn every one to his people, and they shall flee every one to his own land. Who acts: you, walls. Jeremiah 50:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# Jeremiah 50:16 · JPS 1917

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Cut off the sower from Babylon, and him that handleth the sickle in the time of harvest; For fear of the oppressing sword they shall turn every one to his people, and they shall flee every one to his own land.

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**Who acts:** you, walls · **What happens:** cut off, handle, turn, flee, fear · **To what, where:** sower, Babylon, sickle, one, oppressing sword

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This is Jeremiah 50:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, walls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1346
# text = Cut off the sower from Babylon, and him that handleth the sickle in the time of harvest; For fear of the oppressing sword they shall turn every one to his people, and they shall flee every one to his own land.
1	Cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	off	off	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sower	sower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	conj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	handleth	handle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	sickle	sickle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	harvest	harvest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
20	For	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	oppressing	oppress	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
29	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	30	det	_	_
30	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
37	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	flee	flee	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	conj	_	_
39	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	40	det	_	_
40	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
41	to	to	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
42	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
43	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	amod	_	_
44	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut off** | imperative | you *not said here* | the sower |  | Babylon |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent sower=Theme from babylon=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **handle** | present |  | the sickle |  |  | time |  | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sickle=Theme |
| 3 | **turn** | shall | walls *= wall* | every one |  |  |  | for fear of the oppressing sword; to LORD's people *result* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent one=Theme to people=Result |
| 4 | **flee** | shall | walls *= wall* | every one |  |  |  | to LORD's own land | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme one=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **fear** |  |  | the oppressing sword |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּרְת֤וּ זוֹרֵ֙עַ֙ מִבָּבֶ֔ל וְתֹפֵ֥שׂ מַגָּ֖ל בְּעֵ֣ת קָצִ֑יר מִפְּנֵי֙ חֶ֣רֶב הַיּוֹנָ֔ה אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־עַמּוֹ֙ יִפְנ֔וּ וְאִ֥ישׁ לְאַרְצ֖וֹ יָנֻֽסוּ׃ס

[Jeremiah 50:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.50.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1346` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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