---
title: Jeremiah 51:3 (JPS 1917) — Let the archer bend his bow against her, and let him lift himself up… · tree and pragmatics
description: Let the archer bend his bow against her, and let him lift himself up against her in his coat of mail; and spare ye not her young men, destroy ye utterly all her host. Who acts: you, archer, Leb, ye. Jeremiah 51:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 51:3 · JPS 1917

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Let the archer bend his bow against her, and let him lift himself up against her in his coat of mail; and spare ye not her young men, destroy ye utterly all her host.

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**Who acts:** you, archer, Leb, ye · **What happens:** let, bend, lift up, not spare, destroy · **To what, where:** archer, bow, Leb, coat, young men, host

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This is Jeremiah 51:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, archer, Leb, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1380
# text = Let the archer bend his bow against her, and let him lift himself up against her in his coat of mail; and spare ye not her young men, destroy ye utterly all her host.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	archer	archer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	bend	bend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	bow	bow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	13	obj	_	_
15	up	up	ADV	RP	_	13	advmod	_	_
16	against	against	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	mail	mail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	spare	spare	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
26	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nsubj	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
28	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
29	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
33	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nsubj	_	_
34	utterly	utterly	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
35	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	37	det:predet	_	_
36	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | the archer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bend** | infinitive | the archer *not said here* | Leb's bow |  |  |  | against Babylon | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent bow=Theme against she=Location |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | Leb |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **lift up** | infinitive | Leb *not said here* | Leb |  | Leb's coat of mail |  | against Babylon | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme against she=Destination in coat=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **not** **spare** | infinitive | ye | Babylon's young men |  |  |  |  | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: agent=Agent man=Asset |
| 6 | **destroy** | infinitive | ye | Babylon's host |  |  |  | utterly *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent host=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אֶֽל־יִדְרֹ֤ךְ הַדֹּרֵךְ֙ קַשְׁתּ֔וֹ וְאֶל־יִתְעַ֖ל בְּסִרְיֹנ֑וֹ וְאַֽל־תַּחְמְלוּ֙ אֶל־בַּ֣חֻרֶ֔יהָ הַחֲרִ֖ימוּ כָּל־צְבָאָֽהּ׃

[Jeremiah 51:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1380` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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