---
title: Jeremiah 51:8 (JPS 1917) — Babylon is suddenly fallen and destroyed, wail for her; take balm fo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Babylon is suddenly fallen and destroyed, wail for her; take balm for her pain, if so be she may be healed. Who acts: Babylon. Jeremiah 51:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 51:8 · JPS 1917

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Babylon is suddenly fallen and destroyed, wail for her; take balm for her pain, if so be she may be healed.

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**Who acts:** Babylon · **What happens:** fall, destroy, wail, take, heal, pain · **To what, where:** Babylon, balm

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This is Jeremiah 51:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Babylon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1385
# text = Babylon is suddenly fallen and destroyed, wail for her; take balm for her pain, if so be she may be healed.
1	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	wail	wail	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	balm	balm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
18	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
19	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	aux:pass	_	_
21	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	healed	heal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- hedged: yes
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present · passive |  | Babylon |  |  |  | suddenly *property* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **destroy** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wail** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for Babylon | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for she=Recipient |
| 4 | **take** | infinitive |  | balm |  |  |  | for Babylon's pain | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent balm=Theme for pain=Beneficiary |
| 5 | **heal** *a condition, not said to happen* | may · infinitive · passive |  | Babylon |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 6 | **pain** |  | Babylon |  |  |  |  |  | nom pain «state transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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פִּתְאֹ֛ם נָפְלָ֥ה בָבֶ֖ל וַתִּשָּׁבֵ֑ר הֵילִ֣ילוּ עָלֶ֗יהָ קְח֤וּ צֳרִי֙ לְמַכְאוֹבָ֔הּ אוּלַ֖י תֵּרָפֵֽא׃

[Jeremiah 51:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1385` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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